SocSci Reviewer (Events and Concepts)

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It divided the non-European world between Spain and Portugal, establishing spheres of influence.

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Significance of the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)

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The Ottoman Empire (1520–1566), during its peak territorial expansion.

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Empire ruled by Suleiman the Magnificent

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Internal corruption, peasant revolts, and the Manchu conquest (establishing the Qing dynasty in 1644).

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Causes of the decline of the Ming Dynasty

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Modernization and westernization of Japan, centralizing power under the emperor.

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Ideology emphasized by the Meiji Restoration (1868)

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The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on June 28, 1914, in Sarajevo.

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Trigger of World War I

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A U.S. program providing economic aid to rebuild Europe after WWII, also to contain communism.

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Marshall Plan (1948)

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Winston Churchill (UK), Franklin D. Roosevelt (USA), and Joseph Stalin (USSR).

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Big Three at the Yalta Conference (1945)

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A U.S. strategy to prevent the spread of communism, articulated by George Kennan.

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Cold War policy of 'containment'

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Asian and African nations met in Indonesia to promote Non-Alignment and decolonization.

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Significance of the Bandung Conference (1955)

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The Sahara Desert, covering ~9.2 million km² in North Africa.

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Largest hot desert in the world