Periodic Table Review!

Front

What are valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in forming bonds with other atoms.

Front

How do you determine the number of valence electrons in an element?

Back

The number of valence electrons can be determined by the group number of the element in the periodic table. For example, elements in Group 1 have 1 valence electron, Group 2 have 2, and Groups 13-18 have 3-8 valence electrons respectively.

Front

What is the atomic radius?

Back

The atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost shell of electrons.

Front

Which element has the largest atomic radius in a period?

Back

In a period, the atomic radius decreases from left to right due to increasing nuclear charge, which pulls electrons closer to the nucleus.

Front

What is the trend of atomic radius in a group?

Back

The atomic radius increases as you move down a group in the periodic table due to the addition of energy levels.

Front

What is the significance of the periodic table's groups?

Back

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties and the same number of valence electrons.

Front

What is the significance of the periodic table's periods?

Back

Elements in the same period have the same number of energy levels but different numbers of valence electrons.

Front

What is an element?

Back

An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, consisting of atoms with the same number of protons.

Front

What is the difference between metals and nonmetals?

Back

Metals are typically shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, and malleable, while nonmetals are usually dull, poor conductors, and brittle.

Front

What is an ion?

Back

An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net charge.