Research Methodology Flashcards

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Observational Study

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Research in which data is collected by observation or survey about some characteristic of the population.

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Experimental Study

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Research where participants are separated into groups, a treatment is applied, and results are compared.

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Treatment

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Something administered to participants in an experimental study.

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Variable of Interest

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Measures result in an experimental study.

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Control Group

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A group in an experimental study that does not receive a treatment.

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Placebo Effect

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Beneficial effect in a patient following a treatment due to expectations rather than the treatment itself.

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Research Question

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A question that states what a researcher attempts to answer and guides research design.

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Null Hypothesis (H₀)

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A statement of "no effect," indicating no difference between what is claimed and what is measured.

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Alternative Hypothesis (Hₐ)

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A statement proposing that something is different, incorrect, or changed from what is accepted.

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Population

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The entire collection of items or subjects that are the focus of concern in the study.