PBL 2 Flashcard

Front

What is a NONselective beta blocker?

Back

A NONselective beta blocker is a type of medication that blocks both beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors, affecting heart rate and bronchial dilation. Example: Propranolol.

Front

Which beta blockers are safe for patients with COPD or asthma?

Back

Selective beta-1 blockers are safe for patients with COPD or asthma as they primarily affect the heart without causing bronchoconstriction.

Front

What is the role of Troponin I in muscle contraction?

Back

Troponin I blocks the interaction between actin and myosin, preventing muscle contraction until calcium binds to troponin C.

Front

How does activation of alpha 2 receptors affect neurotransmitter release?

Back

Activation of alpha 2 receptors inhibits the release of neurotransmitters/hormones, reducing sympathetic nervous system activity.

Front

What is the effect of alpha 1 receptor activation on smooth muscle?

Back

Activation of alpha 1 receptors increases smooth muscle contraction in vasculature, leading to vasoconstriction.

Front

What is the difference between selective and non-selective beta blockers?

Back

Selective beta blockers primarily block beta-1 receptors (heart), while non-selective beta blockers block both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors (heart and lungs).

Front

What are the potential side effects of non-selective beta blockers?

Back

Potential side effects include bronchoconstriction, fatigue, and bradycardia due to their action on both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors.

Front

What is the function of Troponin C?

Back

Troponin C binds calcium ions, causing a conformational change that allows actin and myosin to interact and initiate muscle contraction.

Front

What neurotransmitter is primarily affected by alpha 2 receptor activation?

Back

Norepinephrine release is primarily inhibited by alpha 2 receptor activation.

Front

What is the physiological effect of beta-2 receptor activation?

Back

Activation of beta-2 receptors leads to bronchodilation and vasodilation, relaxing smooth muscles.