Multimedia Principle & Contiguity Principle

Front

Why does this “numbers on the body, legend on the side” layout increase cognitive load?

Back

It forces learners to match numbers and text by eye-jumping back and forth.

Front

What is the main psychological goal of applying the Contiguity Principle in multimedia design?

Back

To reduce extraneous processing by eliminating the need to search for corresponding information.

Front

The Modality Principle suggests that, in multimedia presentations, words should be presented as auditory narration rather than visual on-screen text because it helps leverage which cognitive principle?

Back

Dual channels, increasing effective working memory capacity.

Front

Which revision most directly applies the multimedia principle in a learning-relevant way? Options: Add a stock photo of a person happily riding a bike in a park next to the text., Add a labeled diagram showing each pump part and arrows for airflow, alongside a shortened explanation., Keep only text, but make important nouns bold and red., Record the same text as audio and play it while showing only the original text block.

Back

Add a labeled diagram showing each pump part and arrows for airflow, alongside a shortened explanation.

Front

Which visual is least likely to improve learning? Options: A time-lapse animation showing how bacteria multiply at unsafe cooking temperatures in a food safety lesson. A color-coded U.S. map showing population change by county, used in a demographics lesson. A stock clip-art cartoon character saluting, on a slide about ammunition safety procedures. A labeled screenshot of spreadsheet logic functions, next to an explanation of IF().

Back

A stock clip-art cartoon character saluting, on a slide about ammunition safety procedures.

Front

When is using spoken narration (instead of long on-screen captions) most beneficial?

Back

When the visual channel is already very busy.

Front

In which case is plain text alone most likely to be good enough (i.e., multimedia may add less value)? Options: Showing how air moves, condenses, and charges during lightning formation. Describing why a brake pedal press causes hydraulic pressure. Listing company holidays and office closure dates. Explaining how bacteria multiply at unsafe temperatures.

Back

Listing company holidays and office closure dates.

Front

A lesson aims to teach students the conceptual process of how a combustion engine works. The designer uses an animation that includes small, colored arrows to illustrate the invisible flow of fuel and gases. This animation is serving which specific graphic function?

Back

Interpretive

Front

The Multimedia Principle is most critical and results in the largest learning gains (measured by transfer) for which group of learners?

Back

Novices.

Front

If a multimedia presentation on cellular mitosis displays simultaneous on-screen text and animation, what specific cognitive resource would immediately face increased competition?

Back

The visual working memory channel.