Cell Division Vocabulary

Front

What is a tetrad?

Back

A structure formed during meiosis consisting of two homologous chromosomes, each made up of two sister chromatids.

Front

What is chromatin?

Back

The material that makes up chromosomes, consisting of DNA and proteins, which is not tightly coiled.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A change in the DNA sequence of a cell that can lead to changes in the organism.

Front

What is a haploid cell?

Back

A cell that contains half the normal number of chromosomes, typically found in gametes.

Front

What are the phases of mitosis in order?

Back

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.

Front

What is the role of sister chromatids?

Back

Sister chromatids are identical copies of a chromosome, joined together at the centromere, that separate during cell division.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.

Front

What is interphase?

Back

The phase of the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division, including DNA replication.

Front

What is cytokinesis?

Back

The process that follows mitosis, where the cytoplasm divides to form two separate cells.

Front

What is a homologous pair?

Back

A pair of chromosomes, one from each parent, that are similar in shape, size, and genetic content.