Application-Level Multiple Choice Questions

Front

Why do aerobic organisms use oxygen in cellular respiration?

Back

To accept electrons at the end of the electron transport chain (ETC), allowing NAD+ regeneration.

Front

What is the immediate effect of damaging a plant’s thylakoid membrane?

Back

The plant cannot produce ATP and NADPH.

Front

What happens if a drug makes the mitochondrial membrane leaky to protons?

Back

ATP production is reduced by disrupting the proton gradient.

Front

What energy is released during the breakdown of ATP → ADP + Pi?

Back

About 7.3 kcal/mol of energy.

Front

What process can be coupled to ATP hydrolysis?

Back

Active transport of ions against their gradient.

Front

What is the role of ATP synthase in chloroplasts?

Back

It synthesizes ATP during the light reactions of photosynthesis.

Front

What is the function of the Calvin cycle?

Back

To fix carbon dioxide and produce glucose using ATP and NADPH.

Front

What is the electron transport chain (ETC)?

Back

A series of protein complexes that transfer electrons and pump protons to create a gradient.

Front

What is the significance of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Back

NAD+ acts as an electron carrier, facilitating the transfer of electrons during metabolic reactions.

Front

What is glycolysis?

Back

The metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH.