Health Unit 4 Study Guide: Terms and Structures

Front

Which term describes the process of sweating?

Back

Perspiration

Answer explanation

The term 'perspiration' specifically refers to the process of sweating, which is the body's way of regulating temperature by releasing moisture through the skin. The other options do not relate to this process.

Front

What is muscle tone?

Back

The amount of tension in a muscle

Answer explanation

Muscle tone refers to the amount of tension or resistance in a muscle at rest. It is essential for maintaining posture and readiness for movement, distinguishing it from other options that do not relate to muscle function.

Front

Which blood component is the colorless fluid in which other parts are suspended?

Back

Plasma

Answer explanation

Plasma is the colorless fluid component of blood that suspends red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, making it essential for transporting nutrients and waste.

Front

Gastritis is best defined as which condition?

Back

Inflammation of the protective lining of the stomach

Answer explanation

Gastritis is defined as inflammation of the protective lining of the stomach, which distinguishes it from other conditions listed, such as cataracts, hyperpigmentation, and kidney stones.

Front

Which structure is a strong, flexible connective tissue?

Back

Cartilage

Answer explanation

Cartilage is a strong, flexible connective tissue that provides support and cushioning in joints, making it the correct answer. Ligaments and tendons are also connective tissues but serve different functions.

Front

Which step of digestion breaks down food into smaller pieces so enzymes can further digest it?

Back

Mastication

Answer explanation

Mastication is the process of chewing food into smaller pieces, making it easier for enzymes to further digest it. This step is crucial for effective digestion, unlike absorption and elimination, which occur later.

Front

A compound fracture is characterized by which feature?

Back

At least one end of the broken bone protrudes through the skin

Answer explanation

A compound fracture is defined by the presence of at least one end of the broken bone protruding through the skin, distinguishing it from other types of fractures where the bone remains under the skin.

Front

Which blood pressure range is described as "normal" in the study guide?

Back

Below 120/80 and above 90/60

Answer explanation

The normal blood pressure range is defined as below 120/80 and above 90/60. This indicates that values within this range are considered healthy, while the other options fall outside of this normal range.

Front

Which disease is long-term and progressive, causing shortness of breath due to over-inflation of the alveoli?

Back

Emphysema

Answer explanation

Emphysema is a long-term, progressive lung disease that causes shortness of breath due to the over-inflation of alveoli, leading to reduced airflow. This distinguishes it from asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia.

Front

Which statement correctly describes external respiration?

Back

Occurs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into alveolar air

Answer explanation

External respiration occurs in the lungs, where oxygen from the alveolar air diffuses into the blood, and carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the alveolar air, making the first answer choice correct.