CVP Exam 3 Content (Pt.1)

Front

Significance of human bipedalism + child birth

Back

hips can only widen so far

this reduces gestation time (baby's time in the womb for growth) therefore limiting baby's brain size

Front

significance of mother's metabolic capacity

Back

as pregnancy continues (over time) the mother's metabolic capacity increases

The higher the mother's metabolic capacity the higher the likelihood of survival during childbirth

Front

Metabolic Scope

Back

the max amount of metabolic power a woman can make (mother must have enough NRG to give birth)

Front

Obstetric Dilemma Hypothesis

(hard to give birth to big brain baby and walk on two legs)

Back

human female pelvis evolved as a trade-off:

• - the need for a wide pelvis for for birth

• - the need for a narrow pelvis for bipedal locomotion

result

- hard childbirth for humans

• - explains why babies r born helpless and immature

Front

Tradeoff of the Obstetrics Dilemma Hypothesis

Back

let's get the baby out before it collides with the narrow hips that we need for walking on two feet

Front

EGG Hypothesis

Back

gestation time is limited by the mother's metabolic capacity (energy constraints)

pregnancy ends when fetus's energy req approach the mother's max metabolic capacity - around the time the fetus's size becomes problematic for passage through the pelvis

(try to get baby out before the brain becomes too big to pass through the hips)

Front

Tradeoff of the EGG hypothesis

Back

The baby needs to come out, can't wait any loner or else the mother will die

Front

Why do multiple baby pregnancies have a shorter gestation length?

Back

size

more energy required for more babies

EGG hypothesis - shorter gestation time bc more NRG required

Obstetric Dilemma Hypothesis - if get one baby through, other baby will follow. Not time dependent

Front

Encephalization Quotient Values

Back

EQ > 1 then EQ is pos so the brain is larger than expected

(EQ > 1, brain is larger than expected)

for people EQ is positive

Front

Significance of the rhinal fissure

Back

deep groove on the brain (in mammals)

divides the paleocortex (olfactory/limbic areas) from the neocortex

large rhinal fissure = well-developed olfactory system = stronger reliance on smell

Reduced rhinal fissure = primates with expanded neocortex and vision