Proportional Relationships

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Unit Rate

Back

A rate with a denominator of 1 that shows how much of one quantity corresponds to one unit of another. Example: 120 miles in 3 hours → 40 miles per hour.

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Constant of Proportionality

Back

The constant ratio between two proportional quantities (k). Example: If y = 3x, then the constant of proportionality is 3.

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Proportional Relationship

Back

A relationship between two quantities where the ratio is constant. Example: y = 2x is proportional because y/x = 2 for all values.

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Ratio

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A comparison of two quantities using division. Example: The ratio of 2 apples to 3 oranges is 2:3.

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Rate

Back

A ratio that compares two quantities with different units. Example: 60 miles in 2 hours → 30 miles per hour.

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Proportion

Back

An equation showing two ratios are equal. Example: 2/3 = 4/6.

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Linear Relationship

Back

A relationship between two quantities that forms a straight line on a graph. Example: y = 2x + 1 is linear.

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Non-Proportional Relationship

Back

A linear relationship that does not pass through the origin (0,0). Example: y = 2x + 5 is non-proportional.

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Rate Table

Back

A table that lists pairs of values showing equivalent ratios or rates. Example: Hours → 1, 2, 3 | Miles → 50, 100, 150.

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Linear Equation

Back

An equation that models a straight-line relationship between variables. Example: y = mx + b.