Ecology Concepts

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niche

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The role an organism plays in its ecosystem, including how it gets resources, how it interacts with other species, and the environmental conditions it can tolerate.

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tolerance

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The range of environmental conditions (such as temperature or moisture) in which a species can survive and reproduce.

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resource partitioning

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When species divide resources by using them in different ways, at different times, or in different places to reduce competition.

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predation

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An interaction in which one organism (the predator) kills and eats another organism (the prey).

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coevolution

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A process in which two or more species influence each other’s evolution through close ecological interactions.

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parasitism

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A symbiotic relationship where one organism (the parasite) benefits while the other organism (the host) is harmed.

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symbiosis

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A close, long-term interaction between two different species; includes mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.

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herbivory

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An interaction in which an organism (the herbivore) feeds on plants or algae.

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mutualism

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A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.

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commensalism

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A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.