Exam JAM Review Session Questions (BIOL1400)

Front

What is the interior of a cell's membrane characterized as?

Back

Hydrophobic - This means that the interior of the membrane repels water, requiring proteins to facilitate the passage of hydrophilic molecules.

Front

What is artificial selection?

Back

Artificial selection is the process by which humans breed specific organisms for desired traits, not the manipulation of genes.

Front

Where does cellular respiration occur in prokaryotes?

Back

In prokaryotes, cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and across the cell membrane, not in mitochondria.

Front

Why is eukaryotic DNA replicated faster than prokaryotic DNA?

Back

Eukaryotic DNA has multiple Origins of Replication (ORIs), allowing for faster replication compared to prokaryotic DNA, which has only one.

Front

Are mutations always harmful to organisms?

Back

No, mutations can be neutral, beneficial, or harmful depending on the context and environment.

Front

What is the function of proteins embedded in the cell membrane?

Back

They facilitate the transport of hydrophilic molecules across the hydrophobic membrane.

Front

Define prokaryotic cells.

Back

Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, such as bacteria.

Front

Define eukaryotic cells.

Back

Eukaryotic cells are complex cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, found in organisms like plants and animals.

Front

What is the role of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Back

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the significance of mutations in evolution?

Back

Mutations introduce genetic variation, which is essential for natural selection and evolution.