Chemistry Regular Midterm Flashcards

Front

Solid State, Liquid State, Gas State, and Plasma State are the four states of matter.

Back

Solid has a definite shape and volume. Liquid has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container. Gas has no definite shape or volume. Plasma is an ionized gas with unique properties.

Front

Heterogeneous Mixture vs. Homogeneous Mixture

Back

A heterogeneous mixture has visibly different parts, while a homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout.

Front

Subatomic Particles: Atoms, Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

Back

Atoms consist of protons (positively charged), neutrons (neutral), and electrons (negatively charged). Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus.

Front

Atomic Number and Atomic Mass Unit (amu)

Back

The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom. Atomic Mass Unit (amu) is the standard unit for measuring atomic mass.

Front

Cation vs. Anion

Back

A cation is a positively charged ion (loses electrons), while an anion is a negatively charged ion (gains electrons).

Front

Periodic Table: Periods and Groups

Back

Periods are horizontal rows, and groups are vertical columns on the periodic table. Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

Front

Metal, Metalloid, Non-Metal, Noble Gas, and Transition Metal

Back

Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity. Metalloids have properties of both metals and non-metals. Non-metals are poor conductors. Noble gases are inert, and transition metals are versatile elements with variable oxidation states.

Front

Lewis Dot Diagram

Back

The Lewis Dot Diagram represents the valence electrons of an atom as dots around the element's symbol.

Front

Electron Configuration and Noble Gas Configuration

Back

Electron configuration shows the arrangement of electrons in an atom. Noble gas configuration simplifies this by using the nearest noble gas as a reference.

Front

Maximum Number of Orbitals and Electrons in s, p, d, and f Orbitals

Back

s orbital: 1 orbital, 2 electrons. p orbital: 3 orbitals, 6 electrons. d orbital: 5 orbitals, 10 electrons. f orbital: 7 orbitals, 14 electrons.