chapter 2. ability and willingness

expressing ability and willingness

chapter 2 and 3
Eighth Grade
Semester 1
2020

ABILITY/CAPABILITY (KEMAMPUAN)

- we use modals CAN to show someone's ability and CAN NOT / CAN'T to show someone's inability of doing something.
- we use Modals CAN + VERB1 to make the dialog
example :
(+) I can play guitar (subject + CAN + verb1 + object)
(-) I can not dance (Subject + CAN NOT + VERB1 + object)
(?) can you dance? (CAN + subject + verb1 ?)

EXPRESSIONS OF ASKING ONE'S CAPABILITY AND RESPONDS

ASKING ONE'S CAPABILITY:
- Can you help me close the window, please?
- Can they answer the questions?
- Can he come on time?

RESPOND TO SHOW ONE'S ABILITY/CAPABILITY:
- Sure. Let me help you with the window.
- Of course. They are all smart.
- Yes, he can. He will be here earlier.

RESPONDS TO SHOW INABILITY/INCAPABILITY
- I'm sorry. I can't help you with it. I'm in hurry.

- No, they can't. The questions are too difficult.
- I'm afraid he can't. He has to take his daughter to school first.

*CAN is alse used to ask for permission in an informal situation.
- Can I borrow your ruler?
- Can I open the window?

COULD is a past form of CAN. 
We use COULD when we want to show someone's ability in the past time.

• I could sing Mariah Carey's song when I was a young girl, but now I can't.

• Dedi can walk. Last month he couldn't because he was sick.

• They could help us yesterday. Today they are busy.

That's all explanation about Can/Could (ability)

Now, let's do some exercises! :)

Multiple Choice

QuesDona : I can't print my work using this printer. It keeps warning me with such a notification. Do you know what is happening here, brother?

Dani : Let me check it for you.

Dona : OK, please.

Dani : I think the ink is running out. We need to refill it to make it run again. The refill ink is available in that drawer.

Dona : All right. Please be careful to refill it. I don't want this room messy.

Dani : Don't worry.

What is Dona's problem?

• Her printer's ink is empty, so she cannot print the document.

• Her printer is broken and she needs to have it repaired by her brother.

• The printer slot is empty, so Dona needs to refill the paper

• The paper is jammed during printing

Multiple Choice

Question number 2.

Dona : I can't print my work using this printer. It keeps warning me with such a notification. Do you know what is happening here, brother?

Dani : Let me check it for you.

Dona : OK, please.

Dani : I think the ink is running out. We need to refill it to make it run again. The refill ink is available in that drawer.

Dona : All right. Please be careful to refill it. I don't want this room messy.

Dani : Don't worry.

Where does this converation probably take place?

• in a printer shop

• in an internet cafe

• in the speaker's house

• in a computer library

Multiple Choice

Question number 3.

Mita has travelled alot. She ... four languages now.

• can speaks

• could speaking

• can speak

• could speak

Multiple Choice

Question number 4.

He ... badminton very well now but he could play well when he was a child.

• can

• cannot

• can play

• cannot play

Multiple Choice

Question number 5.

I looked every where my phone yesterday, but I ... it.

• couldn't find

• can't find

• can find

• couldn't finding

EXPRESSING WILLINGNESS (KEMAUAN/KESEDIAAN)

WILL / WILL NOT is used to show someone's willingness/unwillingness to do something.
(Will /Will not digunakan untuk menunjukkan kemauan/kesediaan dan ketidakmauan/ketidaksediaan seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu)

(+) subject + WILL + verb1 + obj/adj
(-) subject + WILL NOT + verb1 + obj/adj
(?) WILL + subject + verb1 + obj/adj?

example :
(+) I will help you clean the classroom
(-) I will not come to the meeting
(?) Will you make some cakes tomorrow?

Expression of asking one's willingness and  responds

ASKING ONE'S WILLINGNESS:
- Will you help me clean the classroom?
- Will you sing the song for me?
- Will you marry me?

RESPOND TO SHOW ONE'S WILLINGNESS:
- Of course, I will help you.
- Sure. I will come
- Yes, I will.

RESPOND TO SHOW ONE'S UNWILLINGNESS:
- I'm sorry. I will not do that.
- No, I will not.

WILL is also used to show future action/as a plan. (future tense)
example : I will go to Jakarta next week. (belum terjadi. Rencana minggu depan)

WOULD is a past form of will. It is used to show past willingness and a polite invitation.
Example: - I would go if I had time (past willingness_ I didn't have time)
Would you come to my birthday party next week? (polite invitation)

That's about WILL/WOULD

Let's do some practices!

Multiple Choice

Question number 6.

Mr. Ali : It's very hot today. Oza, will you make fruit juice, please?

Oza : sure, Dad. What juice you prefer? We have apples, tomatoes, and avocadoes.

Mr. Ali : Hmmmm... any juice. Can you make it quickly, please? I'm so thirsty.

Oza : Yes, Dad. I'll make you tomato and carrot juice. Is that OK, Dad?

Mr. Ali : That will be great! Thanks.

What information can we get from the dialog?

• Oza and his father will make the juice together

• Oza's father fells hungry at the moment

• Oza's father can't make fruit juice

• Oza will make juice for his father

Multiple Choice

Question number 7

Mr. Ali : It's very hot today. Oza, will you make fruit juice, please?

Oza : sure, Dad. What juice you prefer? We have apples, tomatoes, and avocadoes.

Mr. Ali : Hmmmm... any juice. Can you make it quickly, please? I'm so thirsty.

Oza : Yes, Dad. I'll make you tomato and carrot juice. Is that OK, Dad?

Mr. Ali : That will be great! Thanks.

Mr. Ali asks, "Oza, will you make fruit juice, please?"

What does he mean?

• He is willing to help Oza

• He asks what Oza is going to do

• He asks if Oza is willing to do a favor

• He says that Oza is willing to do a favor

Multiple Choice

Question number 8.

Mr. Ali : It's very hot today. Oza, will you make fruit juice, please?

Oza : sure, Dad. What juice you prefer? We have apples, tomatoes, and avocadoes.

Mr. Ali : Hmmmm... any juice. Can you make it quickly, please? I'm so thirsty.

Oza : Yes, Dad. I'll make you tomato and carrot juice. Is that OK, Dad?

Mr. Ali : That will be great! Thanks.

When do you think the dialog probably take place?

• in the morning

• at dusk

• in the afternoon

• at night

Multiple Choice

Question number 9.

I feel very tired. I ... stay at my house all day.

• will

• will not

• can

• cannot

Multiple Choice

Question number 10.

This smartphone is very expensive. I ... it.

• wil buy

• will not buy

• will buying

• will not buying

So? What do you think?
I hope you understand this material.

See you again in another topic and practices.
Bye-bye...