1.2.3 Moving Cellular Material

1.2.3 Moving Cellular Material

Pages 60-67 in Life Science

Multiple Choice

Warm Up: Which word means "certain things can pass through a membrane"?

• Permeable

• Impermeable

• Semipermeable

Vocab to Watch for

• Passive Transport

• Diffusion

• Osmosis

• Facilitated Diffusion

• Active Transport

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

Cell Transport

• How do cells bring IN molecules (like sugar)?

• How do cells get molecules OUT (like waste)?

Multiple Choice

What is the name of the structure that surrounds a cell?

• mitochondria

• nucleus

• ribosome

• cell membrane

The Cell Membrane

• Phospholipid bilayer (TWO layers of lipids, or oils, that surround the cell)

• Membrane function #1: Boundaries between cells and between organelles

• Membrane function #2: Control movement of substances into and out of cells

Multiple Select

Review: Which type of cells have membrane-bound organelles?

• Prokaryotes

• Eukaryotes

PASSIVE TRANSPORT is when materials go with the flow, like sea otters floating on their backs

Passive transport

• Definition: The movement of substances through a cell membrane without using the cell's energy

• Depends on the amount of substance on each side of the membrane
  

• EXAMPLE: If there are more oxygen molecules OUTSIDE of a cell, molecules will come inside until there is an equal amount of oxygen inside and outside

Multiple Choice

Passive means to not put in work. Another way to think about the definition of passive is...

• going with the flow

• swimming upstream

Diffusion

• Diffusion is when liquids or gasses move from areas of HIGH concentration to areas of LOW concentration

• Equilibrium is when concentration is the same on both sides of a membrane (or when things are EQUAL)

• Diffusion happens until equilibrium is reached

Fill in the Blank

_____ is when the concentration is the same on both sides of a membrane

Osmosis

A type of passive transport that involves movement of water molecules only through a cell membrane

Fill in the Blank

In osmosis, what is the ONLY thing that is passing through the membrane?

FACILITATED TRANSPORT is when substances are TRANSPORTED through a membrane

Facilitated Diffusion

• A molecule is too large to pass through a cell membrane

• Cells use two types of TRANSPORT PROTEINS: carrier proteins and channel proteins

• Carrier proteins: carry molecules through the cell

• Channel proteins: make a PORE, or a tunnel, through the cell that molecules can pass through

Multiple Select

Which of the following are TRANSPORT PROTEINS

• Carrier

• Channel

• Crossroad

• Corner

Multiple Choice

Which transport protein picks up molecules, such as sugar, and carries them through the membrane?

• channel proteins

• Carrier proteins

ACTIVE TRANSPORT takes energy, like salmon swimming upstream

Active Transport

• DEFINITION: The movement of substances through a cell membrane only by using the cell’s energy

• Uses CARRIER PROTEINS

• Can move substances from areas of lower concentration to higher concentration
  

• Used to bring in nutrients and take out waste

Multiple Select

Which are true of Facilitated Diffusion?

• uses carrier proteins

• transports materials across cell membranes

• requires cellular energy

• Able to move materials from an area with lower concentration to an area with higher concentration

Multiple Select

Which are true of ACTIVE TRANSPORT?

• uses carrier proteins

• transports materials across cell membranes

• requires cellular energy

• Able to move materials from an area with lower concentration to an area with higher concentration

Endocytosis

• The process during which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane

• ENDO like ENTER

• “Materials entering cell”

Exocytosis

• The process during which a cell’s vesicles release their contents outside the cell

• EXO like EXIT

• “Materials being expelled from a cell”

Multiple Choice

Which means "Materials entering a cell?"

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

Multiple Choice

Which means "Materials exiting, or being expelled from a cell?"

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis