Analogies

Analogies

Understanding Relationships Between Words

An analogy is...

a comparison between words in order to understand a relationship.

FIRST: Learn how to read analogies.

Example = up:down :: hot:cold

up IS TO down AS hot IS TO cold

SECOND: Identify the relationship or decide what the words have in common.

How are UP and DOWN related?

How are HOT and COLD related?  

UP and DOWN 

HOT and COLD

Relationship or Bridge Type = Opposites / Antonyms

minute:hour :: ounce:pound

What is the relationship?

MINUTE and HOUR

OUNCE and POUND

Relationship or Bridge Type = 

Part to Whole 

(an hour is made up of minutes)
(a pound is made up of ounces)

fork:eat :: shovel:dig

What is the relationship?

FORK and EAT

SHOVEL and DIG

Relationship or Bridge Type = Object to Function
(you use a fork to eat)
(you use a shovel to dig)

glasses:read :: crutches:walk

What is the relationship?

GLASSES and READ

CRUTCHES and WALK

Relationship or Bridge Type = 

Object to function
(glasses can help you read)
(crutches can help you walk)

Some Common Relationships or Bridges

• Part to whole

• Cause to effect

• Antonyms

• Synonyms

• Definitions

• Item to category

• Time sequence

More Common Relationships or Bridges

• Object to Use

• Product to Producer

• Category

• etc...

SELFISH : COMPASSION

Relationship or Bridge Type = Lack

(Someone who is selfish lacks compassion)

Multiple Choice

SELFISH : COMPASSION

• genuine : authenticity

• serious : passion

• childish : maturity

• irresponsible : attention

CHILDISH : MATURITY

Someone who is childish LACKS maturity

Multiple Choice

CONCLUSION : ESSAY

• theme : song

• meal : dessert

• parade : party

• scene : play

Multiple Choice

LOCKER : STORAGE

• telephone : communication

• wallet : cash

• pencil : paper

• lake : moisture

Multiple Choice

EXCRUCIATING : PAINFUL

• baffling : confusing

• upsetting : exciting

• improving : hopeful

• crippling : stressful

Multiple Choice

THOUGHTFUL : INCONSIDERATE

• peace : harmony

• knowledge : wisdom

• graceful : clumsy

• music : art

Nice job!

Now it's time to practice on your own!