Unit 1 : History of Psychology Exam

Unit 1 : History of Psychology Exam

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Multiple Choice

Gestalt psychologists believe that perceptions are?

• Not valid subjects of scientific study

• Best understood when broken down into parts.

• More than the sums of their parts.

• Processed like a computer's working memory.

Multiple Choice

In an experiment, the control group is the group that?

• Does not receive the treatment.

• Is observed in a natural setting.

• Observed in a laboratory.

• Is not told whether they are receiving the treatment.

Multiple Choice

The sociological perspective broadened psychology by examining?

• Socioeconomic status.

• Gender

• Ethnicity

• All of the above.

Multiple Choice

In contrast to Freud and other early psychoanalysts, modern psychoanalysts stress?

• The effect of environment on behavior.

• Observable behavior.

• Conscious choice and self-direction.

• Unconscious motives and conflicts.

Multiple Choice

The testing method is used to study?

• People in their everyday settings.

• Control and experimental groups.

• A Person's abilities or personality.

• Subgroups of a target population.

Multiple Choice

Experimental psychologists are more likely than other psychologists to?

• Do research that has no immediate application.

• Use laboratory observations.

• Use surveys.

• Perform controlled experiments

Multiple Choice

One of the limits of correlation is that?

• It does not show how two factors are related.

• It does not show cause and effect.

• Results from one person do not always apply to all people.

• Different participants could yield different results.

Multiple Choice

Who is considered the Father of Modern psychology?

• Wilhelm Wundt

• William James

• Sigmund Freud

• John Watson

Multiple Choice

Some of the ethical standards that govern the practice of psychology include?

• Informed consent and confidentiality

• Introspection and insight

• Reinforcement and correlation

• Double-blind and Single-blind studies

Multiple Choice

A single-blind study helps eliminate the effects of?

• Placebos

• Volunteer bias

• Random samples

• Stratified samples

Multiple Choice

American Greek philosophers contributed to the study of psychology by stressing?

• Replication

• Introspection

• Correlation

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

In an experiment studying the effects of temperature on aggression, temperature is the?

• Control Group

• Experimental Group

• Independent Variable

• Dependent Variable

Multiple Choice

The main goal of structuralism was to?

• Examine the basic elements of conscious experience.

• Explain how behaviors helped people adapt to their environment.

• Teach new behaviors through reinforcement.

• Describe observable behavior only.

Multiple Choice

Clinical psychologists differ from psychiatrists in whether or not they can give their clients?

• Personality test

• Intelligence test

• Medications

• All of the Above

Multiple Choice

One of the best methods for getting information from a large number of people is?

• A survey

• The longitudinal method

• A case study

• The cross-sectional method

Multiple Choice

Forensic psychologists take part in?

• The handling of hostage crises.

• The selection of police officers.

• Testimony at criminal trials.

• All of the above.

Multiple Choice

When evaluating the results of a survey, a researcher must take into account?

• The placebo effect

• Volunteer bias

• Positive reinforcement

• Informed consent

Multiple Choice

The school of behaviorism rejected the study of?

• Reinforcement

• Learned behavior

• Consciousness

• Innate behavior

Multiple Choice

An example of naturalistic observation is?

• Observing a mouse in a maze

• The "Skinner box"

• The placebo effect

• Observing a mouse in a field

Multiple Choice

One disadvantage of the case-study method is that?

• It is too expensive

• It takes too long

• Researchers may guide the subject to answer questions a certain way

• It does not give specif examples

Multiple Choice

One disadvantage of the case-study method is that?

• It is too expensive

• It takes too long

• Researchers may guide the subject to answer questions a certain way

• It does not give specif examples