Nouns and pronouns

Possesive nouns

Are used to show possesion

Singular nouns

Add an apostrophe and -s at the end of the noun.

My boyfriend's house.

If the word ens in -s:

You can add ' and s at the end of the word

hippopotamus's

Or you can add only the apostrophe at the end of the word.

Hoppopotamus'

Plural nouns

If it ends with 's, only add apostrophe at the end of the word.

Books'

If it ends with any other consonant, add 's at the end of the word.

Women's

Using nouns as modifiers

When we use a noun as a modifier, it always estays in singular form.

Shoe store

If you need to make it plural, the modifier stays in singular and the noun is plural

Three shoe stores

When we combine it with a number expression, the noun stays singular and we use hyphen.

Three-year-old son

Article usage - a, an

We use a when the word starts with consonant.

A book

Of the word starts with a vowel, we use an.

An apple

We use a or an to talk about a generic noun, nothing specific.

A banana is yellow.

I ate a banana.

Plural count nouns do not use a or an.

Bananas are yellow.

You can use some in plural count and noncount nouns.

I ate some bananas.

THE: Definite nouns

It is a definite noun when everyone are thinking about a specific thing.

It can be used with singular, plural and noncount nouns.

I ate the banana.

Thank you for the banana.

You can also use the when mentioning again.

Yesterday I saw some dogs. The dogs were chasing a cat.

Do not use the with plural or noncount nouns.

Pronouns

Subject pronouns

A pronoun is used instead of a noun.

Singular: he - she - it - I - you

Plural: you - we- they

Jack is my cousin. He came to visit today.

I read some books. They were good.

Object pronouns

Are used as the object of the sentence.

Singular: him, her, it, me, you

Plural: you, us, them

I talk to him every day.

The pencil is mine.

Possesive pronouns

They are always by themselves.

Singular: Mine, yours, hers, his, its

Plural: ours, yours, theirs

That book is hers.

Yours is home.

Possesive adjectives

They are always followed by a noun, never stand alone.

Singular: my, your, her, his, its

Plural: our, your, their

Our books are here.

His car is outside.