Conditioning

Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

• “Learning through involuntary paired associations”

• Occurs when a neutral stimulus (NS) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US) to elicit a conditioned response (CR)

Multiple Choice

Who studied classical conditioning?

• Watson

• Pavlov

• Skinner

• Winston

Multiple Choice

The three main stages if classical conditioning are before, during, and after?

• True

• False

Key Terms

Unconditioned Response (US)

Unconditioned Stimulus(US)

Neutral Stimulus(NS)

Conditioned Stimulus(CS)

Conditioned Response(CR)

Example #1

•A pregnant woman, experiencing morning sickness, vomits while eating at Burger King. Thereafter, she feels sick every time she drives by a Burger King.

Break Down

• NS - Burger king

• UCS - morning sickness

• UCR - vomit when eating BK

• CS - seeing BK

• CR - feeling sick

Example #2

•One morning while Micah is taking a shower in the dorm he hears someone flushing a nearby toilet and extremely hot water suddenly came rushing out of the showerhead causing Micah excruciating pain. A few minutes later, Micah hears another toilet flush and he leaps out of the shower.

Break Down

• NS - taking a shower

• UCS - toilet flushing nearby

• UCR - screaming in pain

• CS - another toilet flush

• CR - leaping out of the shower

Operant Conditioning

Thorndike, Skinner, and Reinforcement

Operant Conditioning

• the process in which econsequences increase or decrease the frequency of a behavior

• Begins with _______ or voluntary behavior that accidently results in a consequence

• A consequence that increases the frequency of an operant is known as a _________

• A consequence that decreases an operant’s frequency is called a _______

Reinforcement

• Can be + or -

• Primary reinforcers

• Secondary reinforces

• Schedules of reinforcement

Four Types of Schedules of Reinforcement

• Fixed-ratio (FR) schedule

• Variable-ratio (VR) schedule

• Fixed-interval (FI) schedule

• Variable-interval (VI) schedule