Cognition

Cognition

To Think or not to Think?!?

• Cognition is just a fancy word for thinking

• the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.

Imagery & Concepts

• Mental imagery

• Mental representation of a previously stored sensory experience (sight, sound, smell, tactile or taste) 

Concepts

• Mental representation of a group or categor

• 2 Types

Multiple Select

What are the two basic types of concepts

• Formal & natural

• Natural & informal

• Unnatural & formal

• Unnatural & informal

Decision Making

• the process of considering alternatives and choosing among them

• Additive Strategy

• Elimination by Aspects

Heuristics

• biased

• based off of experiences

• 3 types (ARR)

Availability

• Estimating the frequency or likelihood of an event based on information that is readily available in our memor

Representative

• a decision strategy based on how closely a new situation resembles a familiar one

Recognition

• exploiting a match between mind and environment, a simple mental strategy can lead to efficient decision making

• Voting

Multiple Select

A defense attorney emphasizes to a jury that her client works full-time, supports his family, and enjoys leisure-time hobbies. Although none of this information is relevant to the trial, it is designed to make the defendant appear to be a typical member of the local community. The lawyer is most clearly seeking to take advantage of:

• Confirmation Bias

• Functional Fixedness

• Belief perseverance

• Representative heuristic

Framing, Intuition, & Anchoring

• Framing- positive or negative connotations

• Intuition- emotion

• Anchoring- dependent on information

Multiple Choice

Advertisers know that a thirty-three percent discount sounds like a better deal than a discount of one third. This best illustrates:

• Framing

• Belief bias

• Representative heuristics

• Confirmation Bias

Problem Solving

• Working Backwards

• Means - end analysis

• Functional fixedness

Multiple Choice

Pablo vainly searches for a screw driver while failing to recognize that a readily available coin in his pocket would turn the screw. This is an example of

• Functional fixedness

• Belief perseverance

• Availability heuristic

• Representative heuristic