Cause and Effect

Cause and Effect

Poll

How was your weekend?

• It was amazing. I had a great time.

• It was not much exciting. It was okay.

• It was good.

• It was boring. I should at least have fun in the next weekend.

Learning Goals

At the end of the lesson,

we will be able to:

• Differentiate cause and effect relationships

• Identify cause and effect relationships in texts

• Create a cause and effect paragraph

Poll

How much do I know about "Cause and Effect?"

• Nothing

• Not much

• Quite a bit

• A great deal

What is Cause and Effect Relationship?

CAUSE.

It is the reason that things happen

EFFECT.

It refers to what results.

Why learn Cause and Effect?

• Cause and effect in a piece of writing helps the reader follow a coherent thread through the material.

• It also helps the writer engaged in the writing process to organize and structure the information into a logical form.

• Whether fiction or nonfiction, cause and effect are arranged in such a manner as to show the connections between a result and the events that preceded it.

• It is a common way to organize information in a text.

Signal Words/Phrases (CAUSE)

• Because

• Because of

• Since

• As a result of

• As a consequence of

• Now that

Signal Words/Phrases (EFFECT)

• So

• Therefore

• This resulted in

• Consequently

• Hence

• Accordingly

Example: 

• Many people think that they can get sick by going into cold weather improperly dressed; however, illnesses are not caused by temperature- they are caused by germs. So while shivering outside in the cold probably won’t strengthen your immune system, you’re more likely to contract an illness indoors because you will have a greater exposure to germs.

Example:

Students are not allowed to chew gum in my class. While some students think that I am just being mean, there are many good reasons for this rule. First, some irresponsible students make messes with their gum. They may leave it on the bottoms of desks, drop it on the floor, or put it on other people’s property. Another reason why I don’t allow students to chew gum is because it is a distraction. When they are allowed to chew gum, students are more worried about having it, popping it, chewing it, and snapping it then they are in listening, writing, reading, and learning. This is why I don’t allow students to chew gum in my class.

Poll

Did you enjoy the lesson today? Rate on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 as NOT REALLY and 5 as ABSOLUTELY).

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5

Multiple Choice

Policeman sometimes use dogs to help them in their line of work. Dogs have a good sense of smell. this makes them useful in tracking down outlaws. Dogs can also help find stolen goods.

CAUSE: Dogs have a good sense of smell.

What was the EFFECT?

• They are good at stealing.

• They can track down outlaws.

• They work for outlaws.

Multiple Choice

It is a good idea to lock your door at night. Mr. Han forgot to lock his door last Monday. When he returned home, he found that his new T.V. set had been stolen.

EFFECT: Mr. Han's T.V. was stolen.

What was the CAUSE?

• He went to a show every Monday.

• It was very late.

• He forgot to lock his door.

Multiple Choice

Name the red part of the sentence.

Jessica had a stomachache because she ate too many peanut butter cookies.

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

Name the red part of the sentence.

Carlos fell asleep in the car because he went to bed late last night.

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

Name the red part of the sentence.

Brandon misplaced his drumsticks, so he was unable to play in the concert.

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

Name the red part of the sentence.

Mom cooked dinner because we were all hungry.

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

Name the red part of the sentence.

Since the weather was so hot, we went to the swimming pool.

• Cause

• Effect

Multiple Choice

Michael did not want to go to the dentist. He was afraid that Dr. Yurman would hurt him. He cried all the way to the office. But after all that, it didn't hurt at all.

EFFECT: Michael cried all the way to the office.

What was the CAUSE?

• He was afraid of the dentist.

• He wanted to see Dr. Yurman.

• The dentist didn't hurt him at all.

Multiple Choice

The clown did a trick on his bicycle. He went very fast and stood up on his seat. I am a good bike riders, but not that good. When I tried the trick, I fell off my bike.

CAUSE: I tried to do a bicycle trick.

What was the EFFECT?

• I am a good bike rider.

• The clown went very fast.

• I fell off my bike.

Multiple Choice

Felix went on a fishing trip with his father. His father caught three fish. Mark caught two fish. Mark's fish were so little that he had to throw them back.

CAUSE: Mark's fish were very small

What was the EFFECT?

• He went fishing with his father.

• He had to throw them back.

• His father's fish were very small.

Multiple Choice

Little Johnny Wiggins fell down a well on the farm. His family looked for him. Finally, at sundown, Mr. Wiggins found Johnny. He had been trapped in the well for three hours.

CAUSE: Johnny Wiggins fell down a well.

What was the EFFECT?

• He was trapped for three hours.

• He was visiting the farm.

• His mother found him at sundown.

Multiple Choice

Carlos Palomino was a champion boxer. Yet he gave up boxing and earned a degree in recreation. He chose this field because he wanted to work with kids. Not everyone can become a paid athlete, he says. That's why school is so important for all young people. Carlos hopes his examples will help others set high goals in education as well in sports. Why did Carlos get the degree in recreation?

• He had earned many honors.

• He wanted to work with kids.

• Not everyone can become a paid athlete.

• He was an ideal boxer.

Multiple Choice

The simple sneeze is actually a complex reaction. The impulse to sneeze comes from irritation of a group of nerves in back of the eyes. When the signals reach the brain, the body takes a quick breath, then muscles contract violently. Finally, the sound "kerchoo" comes out. What is the initial cause of sneeze?

• Nerves are irritated

• The brain is signaled..

• Eyes are irritated.

• Muscles contract violently.

Multiple Choice

Marcia was a skilled and capable driver. She had driven all the way from New Mexico in her brand-new car without any problems. Suddenly, because she hit a long patch of frozen ice, she lost control and the car ended up in a ditch. As she climbed up, she realized that the car was demolished. What was the cause of Marcia's accident?

• She was very tired from the long drive.

• She hit a long patch of frozen ice.

• The car was new.

• She landed in a ditch.

Multiple Choice

The crime rate in Mr. Leon’s neighborhood was very high. Many houses had been robbed and cars vandalized. All the neighbors were upset. The mayor ordered the police to patrol the neighborhood. Within two weeks, the neighborhood’s crime rate dropped drastically. Finally, everyone felt safe again. Why did the crime rate drop?

• All the neighbors were upset.

• Houses and cars were robbed and vandalized.

• The mayor called for added police protection.

• Everyone in the neighborhood felt safe again.