GP1: Week 5

GP1: Week 5

Relative/adjective clauses

Multiple Choice

Adjective/relative clauses are ... clauses.

• dependent

• independent

Multiple Choice

Adjective/relative clauses function as... .

• adjectives

• adverbs

Multiple Choice

Adjective/relative clauses are post-modifiers and modify ... phrases.

• adjective

• noun

Multiple Choice

Which sentence contains an adjective/relative clause?

• I have known for some time that your favorite movie is Star Wars: Episode V – The Empire Strikes Back.

• Star Wars: Episode V – The Empire Strikes Back, which is marketed as simply The Empire Strikes, is my favroite movie.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence contains an adjective/relative clause?

• Coruscant, whose population reached one trillion beings, was an ecumenopolis, namely a city-covered planet.

• Coruscant was an ecumenopolis, namely a city-covered planet; its population reached one trillion beings.

I have known for some time that your favorite movie is Star Wars: Episode V – The Empire Strikes Back. ❌

Star Wars: Episode V – The Empire Strikes Back, which is marketed as simply The Empire Strikes, is my favroite movie. ✔️

Coruscant, whose population reached one trillion beings, was an ecumenopolis, namely a city-covered planet. ✔️

Coruscant was an ecumenopolis, namely a city-covered planet; its population reached one trillion beings. ❌

Basic information

Adjective/relative clauses are dependent clauses that function as adjectives.

Adjective/relative clauses are post-modifiers and modify noun phrases.

An adjective/relative clause consists of a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, which, that) and a verb phrase.

Basic information

The dog that is sleeping on the couch is snoring.

that is sleeping on the couch = dependent clause, modifies the subject/noun

I have a dog that snores. = dependent clause, modifies the object

I have a dog that snores, which doesn't bother me at all. = dependent clause, modifies the whole independent clause

Multiple Choice

How many types of adjective/relative clauses are there?

• one

• two

• three

• four

Types of adjective/relative clauses

There are two types of adjective/relative clauses: restrictive (defining) and nonrestrictive (non-defining) adjective/relative clauses.

How do you think they differ? Consider the examples below.

Restrictive/defining:

My brother who/that lives in LA is a DJ.

Non-restrictive/non-defining:

My brother, who lives in SF, is a real estate agent.

(Non-)restrictive adjective/relative clauses

Here's another example.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is more logical?

• All people, who do not wear face masks or cloth face coverings, will be fined.

• All people who/that do not wear face masks or cloth face coverings will be fined.

All people, who do not wear face masks or cloth face coverings, will be fined. = All people will be fined. ❌

All people who/that do not wear face masks or cloth face coverings will be fined. ✔️

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is more logical?

• The sun, which is a star, emits three types of ultraviolet radiation, the third of which is UVC.

• The sun that is a star emits three types of ultraviolet radiation, the third of which is UVC.

The sun, which is a star, emits three types of ultraviolet radiation, the third of which is UVC. ✔️

The sun that is a star emits three types of ultraviolet radiation, the third of which is UVC. = There is more than one sun in our solar system. ❌

Multiple Choice

Do we put commas before defining adjective/relative clauses?

• Yes

• No

Remember!

Do not put commas before defining adjective/relative clauses!

This is a rule, that you need to remember about. ❌

This is a rule that you need to remember about. ✔️

Multiple Choice

Which one is correct?

Open Ended

Complete the following sentence, using an adjective/relative clause: A dog is an animal... .

That? Which? Who? Whose?

That/who = people, pet animals

That/which = things, animals

Whose = people, things, (pet) animals

Find all adjective clauses and identify them.

The word “boomer,” which can be used to refer to a person that was born after WWII, is often used by those that belong to Generation Z. In short, a boomer is a person who is out of touch. It is a state of mind that is seen as being old-fashioned.

Find all adjective clauses and identify them.

The word “boomer,” which can be used to refer to a person that was born after WWII, is often used by those that belong to Generation Z. In short, a boomer is a person who is out of touch. It is a state of mind that is seen as being old-fashioned.

Let's watch a video!

"Who versus whom | The parts of speech | Grammar | Khan Academy"

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bPqMLKXoEac

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is incorrect?

• The Spy Who Loved Me is a 1977 spy film.

• The Spy Whom Loved Me is a 1977 spy film.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence follows the basic rules of using who/whom?

• I'd rather not talk about the spy whom I loved.

• I'd rather not talk about the spy who I loved.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence follows the basic rules of using who/whom?

• Who are you talking to?

• Whom are you talking to?

More practice

https://webapps.towson.edu/ows/exercises/WhoWhomExercise3.aspx

Multiple Choice

... are pronouns.

• who, whom, which, that, whose

• where, when, why, what

Multiple Choice

... are adverbs.

• who, whom, which, that, whose

• where, when, why, what

Relative pronouns and adverbs

Relative pronouns: who, whom, which, that, whose

Adverbs: where, when, why

It's (the place) where/that the meetings are held in (that ... in).

It was the day when/that the Sith regained control.

It was the reason why/that they went into hiding.

Create your own example sentences.

1. The dog that is sleeping on the couch is snoring.

that is sleeping on the couch = dependent clause, modifies the subject/noun

2. I have a dog that snores. = dependent clause, modifies the object

3. I have a dog that snores, which doesn't bother me at all. = dependent clause, modifies the whole independent clause

Time for practice!