HI3 Part 4 Get Ready!

Part 4 Get Ready!

Let's take an overview of what we will develop in this part?

Grammar

Modal verbs: possibility and certainty

Possibility

• We use can or could for theoretical possibility.(e.g. ‘Can there be life on Mars'; Can that be Peter over there?)

• We use may, might, could + infinitive to talk about likelihood in the present or future. (e.g. He may be in a meeting; She might/could be here already.)

• We use could/may/might + have + past participle (perfect infinitive) to talk about the possibility that past events happened. (e.g. His face was familiar. We may have met somewhere before.)

  
  

Certainty (deduction)

• We use must to say that we are sure about something in the present or past.

  You must be pleased with your exam results. (~ present)

  He must have touched up the photograph. (~ past)

  
  

• We use can't or couldn't in negative sentences. We do not use mustn't.

  That can't be Keira Knightley. (~ present)

  They can't have got lost. They know the area really well. (~ past)

Practice

Read the sentences carefully and choose the correct modal.

Multiple Choice

I ... bought bread but I didn't know we needed it.

• could

• could have

Multiple Choice

Keiko always does really well on exams. She ... study a lot.

• can

• must

Multiple Choice

That woman ... be a doctor! She looks far too young.

• must

• can't

Multiple Choice

The food is really good at that restaurant. They ... have a great chef.

• must

• can't

Multiple Choice

All my plants ... be dead! I forgot to water them before I went on holiday.

• could

• must

Multiple Choice

Anna has a huge library in her house. She ... love books.

• must

• can

Multiple Choice

They ... (win) the football match, but John hurt his ankle.

• could win

• could've won

Grammar

Relative clauses

Defining relative clauses

• the relative clause defines or identifies the person, thing, time, place or reason.

• that can be used instead of who or which.

• the relative pronoun can be left out if it is the object of the verb in the relative clause.

• no commas are used before and after the relative clause.

Non-defining relative clauses

• Relative clauses give extra information which CAN be omitted.

• Commas are used before and after the relative clause.

• The pronoun that CAN NOT be used instead of who or which. (e.g. The museum, where you can see Roman pottery, is free.)

Practice

Read the following relative clauses and decide if they are defining or non-defining.

Multiple Choice

I don't enjoy stories that have sad endings.

• Defining

• Non-defining

Multiple Choice

The island, which is smaller than Wales, is very beautiful.

• Defining

• Non-defining

Multiple Choice

The city, whose main industry is tourism, is growing bigger every year.

• Defining

• Non-defining

Multiple Choice

Most tourist who come to the island choose the summer months.

• Defining

• Non-defining

Multiple Choice

It's July and August when the temperatures are warmest.

• Defining

• Non-defining

Multiple Choice

The place where you can see a glorious sunset is on the beach.

• Defining

• Non-defining

Multiple Choice

Tourists often want to visit the caves, in which you can see amazing wall paintings.

• Defining

• Non-defining

Grammar

so, such, too, enough, very.

so, such, too, enough, very.

• so and such are used to introduce a clause of result, or for emphasis.

• too has a negative meaning - the speaker is not happy about the situation. (e.g. It was too hot to sleep.)

• enough has a positive meaning - the speaker regards the situation as possible.

• very is used for emphasis in either a positive or negative statement. (e.g. It's very difficult but I think I can do it.)

so, such, too, enough, very.

• so and such are used to introduce a clause of result, or for emphasis.

• too has a negative meaning - the speaker is not happy about the situation. (e.g. It was too hot to sleep.)

• enough has a positive meaning - the speaker regards the situation as possible.

• very is used for emphasis in either a positive or negative statement. (e.g. It's very difficult but I think I can do it.)

so, such, too, enough, very.

• so and such are used to introduce a clause of result, or for emphasis.

• too has a negative meaning - the speaker is not happy about the situation. (e.g. It was too hot to sleep.)

• enough has a positive meaning - the speaker regards the situation as possible.

• very is used for emphasis in either a positive or negative statement. (e.g. It's very difficult but I think I can do it.)

Practice

Read the questions carefully and choose the best option(s). Source: https://www.examenglish.com/grammar/

b1_intensifiers.htm

Multiple Choice

Which sentence uses too incorrectly?

• Jemma is too beautiful. She’s the prettiest girl I know.

• Change your clothes! Those clothes are too dirty.

• Don’t drive too fast. You’ll have an accident.

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is correct?

• Paul is enough tall to reach the top of the cupboard.

• Do we have tea enough?

• Robert doesn’t get enough sleep.

Multiple Choice

Which word goes in the space?

You’ve cooked far too ___ food.

• enough

• much

• many

Multiple Choice

Which word goes in the space?

The film is ___ funny! I watched it three times!

• much

• so

• too

Multiple Choice

Which sentence is NOT correct?

• John drinks much too much!

• Please don’t put too much sugar in my coffee.

• Clara eats too many.

Vocabulary

Describing Places

Describing Places

• breathtaking 

• inspirational

• magnificent 

• mysterious

• remote 

• spiritual

• luxurious

Practice

Take a look at the places where Harry's been and choose how you would describe them.

Poll

How would you describe where Harry is?

• breathtaking

• inspirational

• magnificent

• mysterious

• remote

Poll

How would you describe where Harry is?

• spiritual

• inspirational

• luxurious

• mysterious

• peaceful

Poll

How would you describe where Harry is?

• spiritual

• inspirational

• luxurious

• mysterious

• peaceful

Vocabulary

Expressions with world

Expressions with world

• cut off from the outside world.

• all around the world.

• out of this world.

• a world of difference.

• have the world at their feet.

• to mean the world to me.

Practice

Let's see if you can guess the meaning of the expressions through a situation. Source: https://www.espressoenglish.net/7-english-expressions-with-the-word-world/

Multiple Choice

If there’s a new program in your country that successfully reduces unemployment, you can say:

• It made a world of difference.

• It's out of this world.

• It’s the best of both worlds.

Multiple Choice

If you tried eating at a new restaurant, and the food was REALLY great, you can describe it as

• It made a world of difference.

• It's out of this world.

• It’s the best of both worlds.

Multiple Choice

If you live in a location that has both the beach AND the mountains, you can say:

• It made a world of difference.

• It's out of this world.

• It’s the best of both worlds.

Congratulations!

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