Science 4 Final Review 2

Science 4 Final Review 2

Lesson 3.7 and 4.1

Worms eat soil, dead animals, and plant materials, like leaves. They help decompose, or break, all these things down. In the course of a day, worms eat more than their own body weight. Their waste, or castings, is sometimes called black gold because it is so rich in nutrients that plants need.

Multiple Select

What do worms eat? (choose 3)

• dead animals

• plant materials

• soil

• insects

• paper

As they eat, worms burrow and tunnel. These tunnels are also good for plants. They are like little vents that allow more air and water to flow through the soil. 

Multiple Choice

Why are the tunnels worms make good for plants?

• Because seeds can grow in these spaces.

• Because they let water and air flow more easily towards the roots.

• Because the roots can take up more space.

Making a Wormery

After placing all the materials, cover the jar with the black cloth, and put it someplace cool. Remember, worms are used to living underground. 

Multiple Choice

Why should wormeries be dark and cool?

• Because that is what it feels like under the groung where the worms live.

• Because they don't have enough space for all the worms.

• Because worms like heat and light.

If you keep the soil moist, you can keep the worms for a week or two so that you can observe them at work. After that time, you'll need to release them, unless you want to keep giving them new material to eat. 

Multiple Choice

Why would you release the worms from the wormery after 2 weeks?

• Because the worms will run out of food.

• Because the worms will miss living underground.

• Because after 2 weeks the worms start escaping.

Nature's Ice Cubes

Like floating white mountains, icebergs drift through the seas near Earth's poles. Most icebergs are found in the Arctic Ocean or the waters surrounding Antarctica. They are huge pieces of freshwater ice floating in the ocean's salty water. Wind, weather, and sunlight slowly wear them away until nothing is left. 

Multiple Choice

What are icebergs?

• They are huge pieces of freshwater ice floating in the ocean's salty water.

• They are huge pieces of saltwater ice floating in the ocean's fresh water.

• They are huge pieces of freshwater ice floating in the ocean's fresh water.

Multiple Select

What wear icebergs away until nothing is left? (choose 3)

• sea animals

• wind

• weather

• sunlight

• birds

Multiple Select

Where are most icebergs found? (choose 2)

• In the Arctic Ocean

• In the waters surrounding Antarctica.

• In all the oceans.

• In the waters surroundin Alaska.

Icebergs are created where glaciers and ice sheets meet the ocean. The ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica produce most of Earth's icebergs. Giant chunks of ice break off and drop into the sea. This process is called calving. After an iceberg has calved, wind and waves push it away from the shore. 

Multiple Choice

Where are icebergs made?

• Where glaciers and ice sheets meet the ocean.

• In the bottom on the ocean, and then they float to the surface.

Multiple Choice

What is calving?

• When giant chunks of ice break off and drop into the sea.

• When the icebergs are pushed away by the wind and water.

The frozen water in glaciers and ice sheets is freshwater. Icebergs don't sink because freshwater ice is less dense than salt water. Less than one-fifth of an iceberg's volume stays above the water's surface, though. The rest of it hides below the waves. 

Multiple Choice

Icebergs are made of

• freshwater

• saltwater

Multiple Choice

Why don't icebergs sink?

• Because freshwater ice is less dense than salt water.

• Because they have more salt than the water in the ocean.

• Because they are made of salt water and the ocean has freshwater.

Multiple Choice

What part of an iceberg stays underwater?

• More than 4 fifths.

• One fifth.

• The whole iceberg stays underwater.

Icebergs can be divided into categories based on their shapes. Tabular icebergs have flat sides and flat tops. Their flat, horizontal shape means that they don't roll over. Rounded icebergs tumble and tum upside-down as they float along. Irregular icebergs have peaks and slopes. They look more like jagged mountains, or even strange castles. 

Multiple Select

Which are iceberg shapes? (choose 3)

• tabular

• irregular

• rounded

• square

• regular

Ice chunks of all sizes litter the Arctic and Antarctic waters, but icebergs are pieces of ice at least 16 feet in diameter. There is no limit to how large they can get. In 2000, an iceberg the size of Jamaica calved off the Ross Ice Shelf. 

Multiple Choice

How big should a piece of ice be to be called an iceberg?

• At least 16 feet in diameter

• A maximun of 16 feet in diameter.

• As big as Jamaica.

Most icebergs survive for about four years before breaking up and melting away. Big icebergs can last for decades, though. For nearly 30 years, a giant iceberg in the northern Atlantic Ocean was used as a research station. Scientists built a power station, huts, and a landing strip on it. Eventually, it drifted into warmer water and broke apart just like any other iceberg. 

Multiple Choice

How long do icebergs usually last?

• 4 years

• 4 decades

• 400 years

Multiple Choice

How long do icebergs usually last?

• 4 years

• 4 decades

• 400 years