Evolution

Evolution

Applied Biology

Mr. Mendoza

Summarize the use of evidence drawn from geology, fossils, and comparative anatomy to form the basis for biological

classification systems and the theory of evolution.

Open Ended

60 Second "Evolution Check"!

Evolution

A history of change of life on Earth, as well as the shape of Earth’s surface

How do you know evolution even happened?

• Theory of Evolution

• Tectonics Theory

• Law of Superposition

Theory of Evolution

• States that species change over time.

• Living things evolve in response to changes in their environment.

• 
  

Who came up with this theory?

Charles Darwin is widely known as the “Father of Evolution”!

Wass poppin, Im Darwin

• His theory of evolution is the widely held notion that all life is related

  and has descended from a common ancestor.

• As random genetic mutations occur within an organism's genetic code, the beneficial

  mutations are preserved because they aid survival: Natural Selection

• These "beneficial" mutations are passed on to

  the next generation. Over time, beneficial mutations accumulate and the result is an entirely different organism

Multiple Choice

What does the Theory of Evolution state?

• species change over time

• everyone comes from fish

• dinosaurs became extinct because they had to die

• cavemen existed

Multiple Choice

What is Natural Selection?

• A process in which birds take over

• A process in which random genetic mutations occur within an organism's genetic code, the beneficial

  mutations are preserved because they aid survival.

• A process in which specific genetic mutations occur within an organism's phenotypes, ALL

  mutations are preserved because they aid survival.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwfNGatxUJI

Plate Tetonic Theory Cont.

• The evolution of Earth’s living things is strongly linked to the movements of the lithospheric plates.

• The movements of the plates

  cause changes in climate, in geographic features such as mountains, and in the types of living things in particular places.

Multiple Choice

The evolution of Earth’s living things is strongly linked to the movements of the lithospheric plates.

• True

• False

• Mendoza, I wasn't paying attention

The Law of Superposition

in any undisturbed sequence

of rocks deposited in layers, the youngest layer is on top and the

oldest on bottom, each layer being younger than the one beneath it

and older than the one above it.

Law of Superposition

thousands of layers of sedimentary rock provide evidence for the long history of the earth and for the long history

of changing life forms whose remains are found in the rocks

More recently deposited rock layers are more likely to contain fossils

resembling existing species.

• biological evolution accounts for the diversity of species developed through gradual processes over many generations.

• Species

  acquire many of their unique characteristics through biological adaptation, which involves the selection of naturally occurring

  variations in populations.

Adaptation

• adaptations include changes in structures, behaviors, or physiology that enhance survival and

  reproductive success in a particular environment.

Similarities among organisms can infer the degree of relatedness:

• homologous

  structures—anatomical and cellular

• analogous structures--anatomical and cellular

• embryological similarities—anatomical and

  cellular, human developmental patterns are similar to those of other vertebrates.

Fossils

• fossils (mineral replacements, preserved or traces of organisms that lived in the past) can be compared to one another and to living

  organisms according to their similarities and differences.

• Anatomical similarities and differences between various

  organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history.

Extinction

most species that have lived on the earth are now extinct.

Extinction of species occurs when the

environment changes and the individual organisms of that species do not have the traits necessary to survive and reproduce in the changed environment.

Biological Classification

a system which is used to organize and codify all life on Earth.

allows

scientists to examine the relationships between various organisms, and to construct evolutionary trees to explore the origins of life on Earth and the relationship of modern organisms to historical examples.

Biological classification is also referred to as taxonomy.

Multiple Choice

Taxonomy is?

• Biological classification

• How to do your taxes

• Something with Biology

• When you dry dead animals and stuff them with filling.

Open Ended

How do fossils play a major role in evolution?