Lesson 4.4: The New Kingdom

Lesson 4.4: The New Kingdom

Essential Question:

• What were the main achievements of Queen Hatshepsut, Akhenaton and Ramses II?

• Describe the structure of ancient Egyptian society.

What was new during the New Kingdom? 

• Kings took the title of “Pharaoh” (meaning “great house”)

• First full-time army established

• Egyptians built larger temples for their gods,

Open Ended

Why was the development of a standing army important?

Kings (and Queens) of the Great House

We're going to cover...

• ​Queen Hatshepsut

• ​Thutmose III

• ​Amenhotep IV

• ​Tutankhamen

• ​Ramses the Great

Poll

Based on your reading, which of the following pharaoh's do you find most interesting?

• Hatshepsut

• Thutmose III

• Amenhotep IV

• Tutankhaton

• Ramses II

Poll

Based on your reading, which of the following pharaoh's do you think had the largest impact on Ancient Egypt?

• Hatshepsut

• Thutmose III

• Amenhotep IV

• Tutankhaton

• Ramses II

Queen Hatshepsut

• One of very few women to become Pharaoh

• Sent armies to conquer new lands, increasing Egpytian territory

• Sent trading expeditions for new and better resources

Thutmose III

• Hatshepsut’s stepson

• Under his rule, the Egyptian Empire reached it’s greatest size (from Nubia to the Euphrates River) 

Amenhotep IV and his wife, Nefertiti

• Abandoned the worship of many gods, in favor of one god, Aton (god of the sun)

• Removed the names of other gods from temples

• Moved Egypt’s religious capital to a new city - Memphis

Fun Fact:

Amenhotep IV was so devoted to Aton that he changed his name to Akhenaton, meaning “servant of Aton”

Tutankhaton 

• Became pharaoh at the age of 9

• Pressured to restore the old Egyptian gods

• Died at age 18, details of his death are a mystery in many ways.. 

Ramses II/"Ramses the Great"

• 65 year rule

• Made the kingdom prosperous

• Built magnificent temples all over Egypt

Multiple Choice

Which of the following pharoahs is known for bringing religious changes to Egypt?

• Hatshepsut

• Ramses II

• Thutmose III

• Amenhotep IV

• Tutankhamen

Multiple Choice

Which of the following pharoahs is known for sending armies and trading expeditions to conquer new lands and gather new resources?

• Hatshepsut

• Ramses II

• Thutmose III

• Amenhotep IV

• Tutankhamen

Multiple Choice

Which of the following pharoahs is known for building magnificent temples?

• Hatshepsut

• Ramses II

• Thutmose III

• Amenhotep IV

• Tutankhamen

Multiple Choice

Which of the following pharoahs is known for taking the thronw when he was only nine years old?

• Hatshepsut

• Ramses II

• Thutmose III

• Amenhotep IV

• Tutankhamen

Multiple Choice

Which of the following pharoahs is known for ruling when Egypt was at its largest size?

• Hatshepsut

• Ramses II

• Thutmose III

• Amenhotep IV

• Tutankhamen

Poll

Has your opinion changed? Now, which of the following pharaoh's do you think had the largest impact on Ancient Egypt?

• Hatshepsut

• Thutmose III

• Amenhotep IV

• Tutankhaton

• Ramses II

Multiple Choice

Who was at the top of Egypt's social pyramid?

• scribes

• pharoahs

• merchants

Multiple Choice

Which group of people were higher on the social pyramid?

• scribes

• priests

• merchants

Multiple Choice

Which of these groups of people were lowest on the social pyramid?

• peasants

• merchants

• craftsmen

Egyptian Society

• Slaves could own personal items, hold government jobs and earn their freedom.

• Most Egyptians lived in rural areas, rather than cities.

• Only children of nobles went to school.

• Women were highly respected. This is unusual for the time!

Egyptian Art and Architecture

• The main material for building was mud brick.

• Most people lived in a two or three story house with a courtyard (the bottom floor was often a shop or business).

• Egypt eventually stopped building pyramids because they became too expensive to build.

Multiple Choice

True or False: Women in Egypt could own property and businesses.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Most houses in Ancient Egypt were made of...

• stone

• mud brick

• wood

• straw

Multiple Choice

Why did Egypt's rulers stop building pyramids?

• They decided pyramids were outdated.

• Pyramids were became to expensive to construct.

• They created a new, more impressive type of burial tomb.

Let's Review!

• What were the main achievements of Queen Hatshepsut, Akhenaton and Ramses II?

• Describe the structure of ancient Egyptian society.