Form 4 106, 107 & 110

Form 4 106, 107 & 110

MOTHER NATURE

VOCABULARY

SMOG

a mixture of smoke, gases, and chemicals, especially in cities, that makes the atmosphere difficult to breathe and harmful for health

ACID RAIN

rain that contains large amounts of harmful chemicals as a result of burning substances such as coal and oil

OIL SPILL

an accident in which oil has come out of a ship and caused pollution

TOXIC WASTE

any unwanted material in all forms that can cause harm

FOSSIL FUELS

fuels, such as gas, coal, and oil, that were formed underground from plant and animal remains millions of years ago

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

energy from moving water, wind, the sun, and gas from animal waste

NOW, MATCH THE WORDS/PHRASES WITH THE DEFINITION

Multiple Choice

ACID RAIN

• rain containing acids which are harmful especially to trees and forests

• a mixture of smoke and fog caused by exhaust fumes and factory gases

• materials containing chemicals which are no longer used and are pumped into rivers, lakes and seas

Multiple Choice

OIL SPILL

• substances such as coal and oil that were formed over millions of years from the remains of animals and plants, and are burnt for energy

• a layer of oil on the surface of the water which comes from tankers

• a mixture of smoke and fog caused by exhaust fumes and factory gases

Multiple Choice

TOXIC WASTE

• substances such as coal and oil that were formed over millions of years from the remains of animals and plants, and are burnt for energy

• materials containing chemicals which are no longer used and are pumped into rivers, lakes and seas

• rain containing acids which are harmful especially to trees and forests

Multiple Choice

FOSSIL FUELS

• substances such as coal and oil that were formed over millions of years from the remains of animals and plants, and are burnt for energy

• power that is produced using the energy from the sun, wind, water, etc

• a mixture of smoke and fog caused by exhaust fumes and factory gases

Multiple Choice

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY

• a layer of oil on the surface of the water which comes from tankers

• a mixture of smoke and fog caused by exhaust fumes and factory gases

• power that is produced using the energy from the sun, wind, water, etc

Multiple Choice

SMOG

• materials containing chemicals which are no longer used and are pumped into rivers, lakes and seas

• a mixture of smoke and fog caused by exhaust fumes and factory gases

• rain containing acids which are harmful especially to trees and forests

LET'S LOOK AT SOME OTHER WORDS

JUNK , WASTE, RUBBISH & LITTER

they all carry almost the same meaning, but there are differences in terms of suitability in a sentence

JUNK

things that are considered to be of no use or value, or of low quality

For example :

- We ought to clear out this cupboard - it's full of junk.

- I can't stand watching the junk that's on TV these days.

WASTE

an unnecessary or wrong use of money, substances, time, energy, abilities, etc.

For example :

-That meeting achieved absolutely nothing - it was a complete waste of time.

- She's been unemployed for two years and it's such a waste of her talents.

- My mother couldn't stand waste - she always made us eat everything on our plates.

RUBBISH

waste material or things that are no longer wanted or needed

For example :

- I forgot to put the rubbish out this morning.

- Put the empty box in the rubbish bin.

- Take the old furniture to the rubbish dump.

LITTER

small pieces of rubbish that have been left lying on the ground in public places

For example :

- About two percent of fast-food packaging ends up as litter.

Multiple Choice

When do they collect the _______ in this neighbourhood?

• junk

• waste

• rubbish

• litter

Multiple Choice

I've got so much _______ in the garage that I need to start throwing things out.

• junk

• waste

• rubbish

• litter

Multiple Choice

Governments should stop factories from pumping their _______ into rivers

• junk

• waste

• rubbish

• litter

Multiple Choice

People who drop ______ in the streets should be fined.

• junk

• waste

• rubbish

• litter

DEVICE, APPLIANCE, MACHINE & TOOL

all these words also carries almost the same meaning

DEVICE

an object or machine that has been invented for a particular purpose

For example :

- Rescuers used a special device for finding people trapped in collapsed buildings.

APPLIANCE

a device, machine, or piece of equipment, especially an electrical one that is used in the house, such as a cooker or washing machine

For example :

- We stock a wide range of domestic appliances, including fridges, freezers and dishwashers.

MACHINE

a piece of equipment with several moving parts that uses power to do a particular type of work

For example :

- The different sizes of eggs are sorted by a machine.

TOOL

a piece of equipment that you use with your hands to make or repair something

For example :

- A hammer is a simple tool.

Multiple Choice

That shirt is filthy! Put it straight in the washing _______.

• device

• appliance

• machine

• tool

Multiple Choice

I think the most useful _______ in the home is the fridge.

• device

• appliance

• machine

• tool

Multiple Choice

When doing a Do-It-Yourself (DIY) project, it's important to choose the right ______ for the job.

• device

• appliance

• machine

• tools

Multiple Choice

This is a great little ______ which helps you find your keys.

• device

• appliance

• machine

• tool

LISTEN TO THE RADIO PROGRAMME AND CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWERS

Multiple Choice

How long does it take a plastic bottle to biodegrade

• 50-100 years

• 500-1 000 years

• 5 000-10 000 years

Multiple Choice

After an oil spill, how much an oil is usually recovered?

• less than 15%

• about 50%

• more than 60%

Multiple Choice

What will the global population be in 2050?

• just under 8 billion

• just under 9 billion

• just under 10 billion

Multiple Choice

How much water is there on the planet?

• less than 1 000 years ago

• more than 1 000 years ago

• the same as 10 000 years ago

Multiple Choice

Which is worse for the environment?

• driving a car

• having a pet

• buying food that isn't orgnic

You will hear people talking in five different situations. Choose the best answers.

Multiple Choice

Why is the mother angry with her son?

• Because he put his rubbish in the wrong bin

• Because he didn't pull all his rubbish in the bin

• Because he didn't take the rubbish out

Multiple Choice

What are the people talking about?

• smog

• acid rain

• toxic waste

Multiple Choice

How is the machine powered?

• wind power

• solar power

• wave power

Multiple Choice

What did the girl learn about fossil fuels?

• They won't last forever

• They are bad for the environment

• They are difficult to get

Multiple Choice

Which appliance is eco-friendly?

• the oven

• the dishwasher

• the fridge

There's more...

Choose the best answers

Multiple Choice

My dad was attacked by a ______ of bees last summer.

• swarm

• flock

• school

Multiple Choice

The children ______ up all the tomatoes to make a salad yesterday, so we need to go to the supermarket to buy some more.

• ended

• turned

• used

Multiple Choice

I thanked him for the offer but ____ it down.

• put

• cut

• turned

Multiple Choice

He may be a bit annoying but at ______ he gets the work done.

• latest

• least

• last

Multiple Choice

Working out 3 times a week is ______ to our health.

• luxurious

• dull

• beneficial

Multiple Choice

How will these changes ______ our company?

• effect

• affect

• form

Multiple Choice

In some countries, exhaust _______ are blamed for over 80% of the air pollution.

• chemicals

• fumes

• fuels

Multiple Choice

The ______ of our town has decided to make the pavements wider.

• mayor

• editor

• protester

Suffixes

Suffixes are a letter or group of letters added to the ending of words to change their meaning or function

For example :

you add -ment to encourage

it becomes encouragement

So the function of the word in a sentence also changes.

Here is an example

I encourage him to join the competition.

I give him encouragement to join the competition.

1st sentence is menggalakkan; saya menggalakkan (verb)

2nd sentence is galakkan; saya memberi galakkan (noun)

Some other forms of suffixes

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.

Example :

This place is very ________. I always come here to relax. (peace)

Answer : peaceful

That's all

You may repeat as many times as you like

Good luck if you are trying again ;)