England Exploration - Tuesday

England Exploration & Cultural Interaction

Wrap-Up

Tuesday's Lesson

What are we learning about again?

The European countries that dominated the race to claim North America and its resources were France, England, and Spain. 

Their land and resource claims led to cultural interactions between Europeans and American Indians.

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Sometimes, these two groups cooperated as they exchanged goods and ideas. 

Most of the time however, these groups were in direct competition with one another, which led to conflict between Europeans and American Indians.

England in North America

John Cabot is an English explorer who made one of the first English voyage in the late 1400s. His exploration of the eastern coast of Canada allowed the English to claim ownership of a large area of land that eventually included much of the east coast. The land that England claimed was American Indian land.

English settlers in the 1500s and 1600s established settlements along this stretch of the Atlantic Ocean in the Coastal Plain region. 

Did you know?

John Cabot mysteriously vanished at sea during his second voyage.

John Cabot also had 3 sons.

They were Sebastiano, Santo, and, wait for it, LUDOVICO! (coolest name ever?)

England in North America continued...

These English settlers were only able to survive when they learned farming techniques from American Indians such as the Wampanoag or the Powhatan people in the early 1600s.

This is when the English began to exchange goods and ideas with American Indians. The English settlers also traded with different groups of American Indians during this time.

In CONCLUSION (Cooperation Areas)

European exploration of North America led to specific interactions between Spain, France, & England and Native American cultures.

Europeans and American Indians sometimes cooperated through trade, sharing weapons and technologies, and the exchange of goods and ideas, like metal farm tools and farming techniques.

This is called the Columbian Exchange by some historians.

In CONCLUSION (Conflict Areas)

Conflict between these groups was created from competition for trade, language differences, cultural differences, European diseases, and differing views about land ownership.

Europeans felt their claims made the land theirs even though American Indians were there first and also believed that land should be owned and is private. American Indians on the other hand, usually used the land and its resources to provide for their needs and not as much to increase wealth. They believed that land should be shared and used, NEVER owned.

The differences in their concept of land often led to violent conflict between Europeans and American Indians.

What did this lead to?

Europeans thought that because of all these differences between their own culture and the cultures of the Native Americans they encountered, that they were better than them.

We call this concept "cultural superiority" since Europeans thought their culture was superior or better than Native American cultures. It led to Native Americans being treated unfairly going forward in history by the European powers.

Spain, France, England interactions w/American Indians - Areas of Cooperation

1. Europeans brought weapons and metal farm tools

2. Trading between different cultures

3. New crops and farming techniques shared

4. Horses introduced to North America

Spain, France, England interactions w/American Indians - Areas of Conflict

1. Land

2. Competition for trade

3. Differences in cultures

4. Diseases

5. Language differences