Text Structure Review

Text Structures

Review

Cause and Effect

• The Cause is why something happens

• The Effect is what happens

• When one event causes another to happen

• Uses words like because, as a result of, and due to

Compare and Contrast

• To compare is to find how things are the same

• To contrast to tell how things are different

• Uses words like same, both, but, unlike

Problem and Solution

• What is wrong or can be improved is the problem

• How it is solved or improved is the solution

Chronological Order/ Sequence

• Text is written in sequential order or time order

• Uses words like first, next, then, and finally

Description

• Gives details about a topic or subject

• This type of writing includes examples or characteristics

Multiple Choice

"identifies obstacles and offers ways to resolve them"

• description
• sequence
• cause and effect
• problem and solution

Multiple Choice

In this type of writing the reader will find words/phrases such as a problem is, solve,or solution.

• cause & effect

• problem & solution

• chronological order

• compare & contrast

Multiple Choice

The text structure of ______________ is text that tells what happened and why it happened.

• description

• chronological order

• cause & effect

• problem & solution

Multiple Choice

In this type of writing, the reader will see words/phrases such as because, as a result of, and due to.

• cause & effect

• problem & solution

• chronological order

• compare & contrast

Multiple Choice

"Organized as a series of events or steps in chronological order; a process"

• description

• sequence

• cause and effect

• problem and solution

Multiple Choice

Choose the clue words that indicate chronological order.

• first, next, finally, 8:30, after
• cause, effect, as a result of, because
• problem, solution, promise, struggle
• compare, contrast, similar, different

Multiple Choice

This type of writing gives information step-by-step.

• cause & effect

• problem & solution

• chronological order/ sequence

• compare & contrast

Multiple Choice

This type of writing considers similarities and differences.

• description

• compare & contrast

• chronological order

• cause & effect

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?

"Gives an overall impression of a topic through sensory details or main idea and supporting details"

• description

• sequence

• cause and effect

• compare and contrast

Multiple Choice

The paragraph is written using which text structure?
"Alex baits a hook with his salmon, attaches a heavy sinker, and hangs the line overboard.  It drops to the bottom.  He waits and feels with his fingers for a tug on the line.  He feels a nibble.  He pulls.  Nothing.  He feels another nibble and tugs hard.  He's got it.  The hook is set.  Alex holds on and starts pulling it in."

• cause and effect
• sequence
• compare and contrast
• problem and solution

Multiple Choice

The paragraph is written using which text structure?
"The railroad was not routed through Nicodemus, an all-black settlement in Northwest Kansas.  Therefore, no hotels were built in town.  If the railroad had come through Nicodemus, additional restaurants and stores would have been built.  Farmers would have brought crops to town to be shipped east.  The town probably would have grown and prospered."

• compare and contrast
• description
• problem and solution
• cause and effect

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?
"Both Lake Superior and Great Salt Lake are big lakes that seem more like oceans.  Other than that, they are complete opposites.  Lake Superior is the largest freshwater lake in the world.  The Great Salt Lake is the biggest saltwater lake in the Western Hemisphere.  Its water can be eight times saltier than ocean water.  These lakes are also very different in other ways.  Lake Superior is deep and fresh.  On the other hand, the Great Salt Lake is shallow and is so salty that you can float in it without sinking!"

• problem and solution
• sequence
• compare and contrast
• cause and effect

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?
"Chimps live in groups and like each other a lot, but sometimes they fight.  Because the don't want to stay angry at each other after a fight, they make up by holding a hand out to the other and kissing.  They show they are sorry with pats and hugs.  Then the anger goes away."

• cause and effect
• sequence
• compare and contrast
• problem and solution

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?
"I had a strange thing happen to me yesterday.  I drew with my crayons a picture of a basketball player wearing a yellow shirt.  Then I wrote the player's number on his shirt with a blue crayon.  As a result, the number turned out green. This was because when I mixed blue and yellow, the two colors made a new color, green."

• description
• sequence
• cause and effect
• compare and contrast

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?
"Let me tell you what I did yesterday.  First, I played with my action figures.  It was Batman against Star Wars and Power Rangers.  Next I sorted my sport cards into three piles, football, baseball, and basketball.  Finally, I drew a picture using my colored pencils, markers and crayons."

• problem and solution
• sequence
• compare and contrast
• cause and effect

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?
"Chimpanzees and humans are alike in many ways.  A baby chimp laughs when its mother tickles it.  After chimpanzees fight, they kiss and make up.  When one chimpanzee comforts another, it gives it a hug or a pat on the back.  There are of course, many ways that chimpanzees and humans are different.  Chimpanzees are smaller and stronger than humans.  An adult male chimpanzee stands three or four feet tall and weighs about 100 pounds.  But a chimpanzee can lift more weight than a man who is six feet tall."

• sequence
• cause and effect
• problem and solution
• compare and contrast

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?
"A chimpanzee's body is made for climbing and swinging in the trees.  First, it uses its long arms to reach a branch.  Next, with its flexible hands and feet, it grabs and hooks on to the branch.  Finally, it swings from that branch to another branch or tree."

• sequence
• cause and effect
• description
• compare and contrast

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?

How to Make Cookies. First, get your materials. Then, make your dough. Lastly, cook your dough at 400 degrees for 10 minutes.

• Chronological order

• Cause and Effect

• Problem & Solution

• Compare and Contrast

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?
"My colored pencils, markers, and crayons are alike in some ways and different in others.  They all are used for drawing colored pictures.  They all are about the same size and shape.  But they are different from each other in some ways.  My crayons have more colors than pencils or markers.  My markers make brighter pictures than crayons or pencils.  But my pencils can be kept sharp for drawing fine lines.  Sometimes I use all three to make a picture look just right."

• compare and contrast
• description
• cause and effect
• sequence

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?

On both Halloween and Easter you get candy, but the candy looks very different. Easter candy is usually wrapped in bright colors. On the other hand, Halloween candy is often black and orange or it could have monsters on the wrappers.

• descriptive

• compare & contrast

• problem & solution

• chronological order

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?

After trick or treating, Billy stayed up late eating his whole bag of candy. The next day he felt sick and tired.

• chronological order

• description

• cause & effect

• problem & solution

Multiple Choice

This paragraph is written using which text structure?

While oranges and lemons are both citrus fruits that grow on trees, they are different colors and have very different tastes.

• description

• compare & contrast

• chronological order

• problem & solution