Sun, Earth, and Moon

Sun, Earth, and Moon

Night and Day

Earth rotates, or turns like a top. Earth rotates around an imaginary line, called an axis. Earth’s axis runs through it from the North Pole to the South Pole. Once every 24 hours, or once a day, Earth rotates about its axis.​ Earth’s rotation causes day and night.

Multiple Choice

​ When things turn like a top, they _____________________.

• Revolution

• Orbit

• Rotate

• Revolves

Multiple Choice

Earth turns around an imaginary line called ​

​a(n) ______________________.

• Obit

• Axis

• Hemisphere

• Gravity

Multiple Choice

fourth-grader in the United States does an experiment in her science class. At the same time, a fourth grader in China is asleep. Why is it daytime in the United States while it is nighttime in China?

• Earth’s rotation

• Earth’s revolution

• The moon’s revolution

• Earth’s path as it orbits the sun

The Sun-Earth-Moon System

• The sun, Earth, and the moon form a system in space.

• This system is held together by gravity.

• An orbit is the path that an object

  takes around another object in space. Earth revolves, or travels around the sun.

• It takes Earth about 365 days to complete one revolution around the sun.​

• It takes about a month for the moon to complete one rotation around Earth.

• During the same period of time, the moon makes one complete revolution around Earth. As a result, the same side of the moon always faces Earth

Multiple Choice

The path that one object takes around another object in space ​

​is its ______________________.

• Axis

• Orbit

• Revolution

• Revolve

Multiple Choice

When one object moves around another in space ​

​it _____________________

• Axis

• Orbit

• Revolves

• Rotate

Multiple Choice

A force that pulls objects in space toward each other ​

​is ______________________.

• Hemisphere

• Gravity

• Pull

• Push

Multiple Choice

When the moon moves around Earth one time, it is one ​​complete ______________________.

• Orbit

• Revolve

• Revolution

• Axis

Multiple Choice

The picture is a two-dimensional model of how Earth moves in space. ​How long does it take for Earth to 1 complete one full rotation?

• 1 day

• 1 week

• 1 month

• 1 year

Multiple Choice

Why does the same side of the moon always face Earth?

• The moon does not rotate.

• The moon does not revolve.

• Earth's gravity holds it in one spot.

• Its rotation and revolution are almost the same as Earths.

Earth's Seasons

• Earth rotates on its tilted axis.

• The tilt of Earth’s axis and its orbit cause the seasons.​

• ​Earth is divided into halves called hemispheres . The Northern Hemisphere extends from the equator to the North Pole. The Southern Hemisphere extends from the equator to the South

  Pole.

• In June, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun and gets more direct rays of sunlight. It has more hours of daylight and warmer weather. It is summer there.​

• In June, in the Southern Hemisphere, the opposite season takes place. Why? The Southern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun and gets less direct sunlight. It has fewer hours of daylight and cooler weather. It is winter there.

Multiple Choice

Earth is divided into halves called _____________________.

• Gravity

• Quarters

• Top/Bottom

• Hemispheres

Multiple Choice

What is the cause of seasons?

• Earth's rotation

• Earth's tilt on its axis and its revolution

• Earth's tilt on its axis and its rotation

• Earth's tilt on its axis, and its rotation, and revolution

Multiple Choice

In the United States, an August day is usually hotter than a January day. Why is this true?

• The sun gives off more heat in summer.

• Earth is closer to the sun in summer and farther away in winter.​

• Earth’s rotation slows down in summer and speeds up in winter.

• Earth’s North Pole tilts toward the sun in summer and away from it in winter.

Multiple Choice

How does Earth’s tilt help create warmer temperatures in summer?

• Earth’s core gets warmer.

• sun’s rays are more direct

• causes Earth to rotate faster

• Earth’s atmosphere becomes thicker

Shadows

• The Earths position to the Sun has an affect on shadows.

• When we are outside on a sunny day, we can see how our shadows change throughout the day.

  When the Sun is high in the sky, the shadows are much shorter. 

• When the Sun is low on the horizon, the shadows are long.

• When the Sun is high in the sky, the shadows are much shorter. 

Multiple Choice

What about shadows changes as the sun’s position in the sky changes?

• How long they are

• What color they are

• How dark they are

• How fast they move

Multiple Choice

Why did people once think the sun moved around Earth?

• The sun is the brightest object in the sky.

• Earth rotates faster than the sun.

• The sun seems to move across the sky each day.

• The sun is only in the sky during the day