First Semester Final Review

First Semester Final Review

Reconstruction (1865-1877)

-Time after the Civil War where the US tried to rebuild itself

-1. rebuilding destroyed southern economies, 2. readmitting the seceded southern states, 3. incorporating 4 million newly freed slaves as citizens

-Reconstruction Amendments (13th, 14th, & 15th) while not immediately effective would prove to be useful to the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s-60s.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following abolished slavery in the United States?

• The Gettysburg Address

• The 13th Amendment

• The Compromise of 1850

• The Emancipation Proclamation

Multiple Choice

Why did new Republican governments in the South after the Civil War have difficulty?

• African Americans resented interference from Northern carpetbaggers.

• Slavery remained in force in several Southern States

• Many white Southerners refused to accept equal rights for blacks

• African Americans did not hold office at the state or local levels

Multiple Choice

Farmers who agreed to give most of their harvest to the landowners in exchange for use of the land, seed, and tools were known as: ______

• Tenant Farmers

• The Planter Class

• Sharecroppers

• Scalawags

Westward Expansion

1800s: Period of American expansion into lands acquired in the West.

-Settlers received land from Gov. (Homestead Act)

-Native Americans forced onto reservations

-Railroads, gold, free/cheap land all motives for expansion

-Manifest Destiny: Americans believed they were the chosen people to expand to the West Coast.

Multiple Choice

This plan intended to "Americanize" the Native Americans and broke up reservations into 160 acre sections to be farmed by Native Americans: __________

• Homestead Act

• 15th Amendment

• Bozeman Act

• Dawes Act

Multiple Choice

According to ___________ most Americans believed that westward expansion into the frontier was our nation's destiny and we were the chosen people to expand from the east coast to the west coast of North America.

• Homestead Act

• Manifest Destiny

• Social Darwinism

• Cultural Superiority

Multiple Choice

The demand for beef in the east contributed to:

• the invention of the cowboy's way of life

• rapidly growing cities

• the development of long drives and the Chisolm Trail

• the invention of the cowboy's way of life AND the development of the Chisolm Trail

• None of the above

The Gilded Age

Late 1800s-Early 1900s

Age of industrial expansion.

-began to make more goods in factories

-large gap between rich & poor

-large industries and companies form (also monopolies & trusts)

-Captains of Industry & Robber Barons

-Expansion of technology (Edison, Bell, Wright Bros.)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following did Social Darwinism discourage?

• Hard work

• Industrialization

• Government intervention

• The accumulation of wealth

Multiple Choice

What did industrial consolidation and trusts reduce during the late 1800s?

• corruption

• monopolies

• competition

• interstate commerce

Multiple Choice

The Sherman Anti-Trust Act:

• Outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade

• Was supported by millionaire industrialists

• Was used by unions to fight for workers' rights

• Encouraged the establishment of large-scale business

Immigration

late 1800s-early 1900s

Age of unprecedented immigration to US

-most settled in major cities looking for jobs in factories

-Angel Island/Ellis Island

-faced discrimination (ex. later immigrants from SE Europe & Asia)

-Chinese Exclusion Act & Nativism

-Taken advantage of by City Bosses/Political Machines

Multiple Choice

What does urbanization mean?

• growth of rural areas

• growth of cities

• shrinking of cities

Multiple Choice

Why were some Americans so fearful of the new immigrants coming to America?

• They thought that the immigrants were taking jobs away from Americans

• They felt that the immigrants were destroying American society

• They saw the immigrants as a problem (not knowing our language, crime, different religion)

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

Most immigrants left their home countries and came to America to ___________.

• Get land

• Look for work

• The leave behind problems (war, no food, and persecution)

• All of the above

Progressivism

Early 1900s

Era of trying to fix the problems of the Gilded Age (ex. breaking up trusts, child labor regulations, safer working conditions, truth in advertising, food quality, votes for women, etc.)

-Muckrakers: journalists exposing problems

-Progressive Presidents: Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson

-focused on needs of white, middle class

Multiple Choice

The Pure Food & Drug Act of 1906 was:

• primarily concerned with truth in labeling of products

• responsible for banning the sale of canned meat

• repealed by Wilson in 1914

• written by William Taft

Multiple Choice

After President Roosevelt read The Jungle, he pushed Congress to pass and he signed the:

• Townshend Act

• Meat Inspection Act

• Income Tax Act

• War Powers Act

Multiple Choice

Muckrakers were:

• journalists who wrote and spoke to expose corruption

• government officials who tried to pass Progressive laws

• school teachers who taught Progressive ideals

• sanitation workers who wanted better working conditions

Imperialism

late 1800s-early 1900s

Period of American expansion into territories abroad.

-Causes: new markets/resources, global competition, belief in cultural superiority

-New territory (ex. Hawaii, Alaska, Guam, Philippines, Puerto Rico, etc.)

-Spanish American War

-Open Door Policy

-Roosevelt Corollary

-sets stage for WWI

Multiple Choice

Which of the following did NOT stimulate US Imperialism?

• Need for a new source of cheap labor

• Thirst for new economic markets

• Desire for military strength

• A belief in the cultural superiority of the Anglo-Saxon culture

Multiple Choice

What war ended with the Treaty of Paris of 1898?

• Spanish-American War

• Russo-Japanese War

• Philippine-American War

• Cuban War for Independence

Multiple Choice

The Open Door Policy was designed as a way for the United States to further:

• Its trade interest

• Its desires to annex foreign nations

• International diplomacy

• The establishment of democratic governments

WWI (1914-1918)

MAIN causes: Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

-US pulled in due to unrestricted submarine warfare, Zimmerman Telegram, making world safe for democracy.

-unlike previous wars: trench warfare, new weapons (gas, tanks, machine guns, etc.)

-US involved in last year of conflict

Multiple Choice

Of the following, the most compelling reason for the United States to enter the war was:

• A moral obligation to halt the refugee crisis in Belgium.

• Concern over the repayment of Allied debts to American banks.

• A desire to become more involved in the affairs of Europe.

• The outrage of American citizens over German submarine warfare.

Multiple Choice

What reason did Senators give for opposing US membership in the League of Nations?

• It would lead to international instability.

• It would drain American finances.

• It would interfere with free-trade agreements.

• It would drag the United States into European conflicts.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was not a cause of World War I?

• American Isolationism

• Imperialist Competition

• The Stockpiling of Weapons (Militarism)

• European Nationalism

Poll

That's it! Do you feel more prepared for your final?

• More Prepared

• About the same (I was already prepared)

• About the same (I am still not prepared)

• Less Prepared