01/15 War Between Athens and Sparta

War Between Athens and Sparta

A Social Studies Lesson

Cooperation

• The Greek city-states learned over time that their survival depended on cooperation.

• Even after the Persian Wars, Persia

  remained a threat.

The Delian League

• In 478 b.c. the Greek city-states, except Sparta, joined together to form a defensive league.

• Its purpose was to defend its members against the Persians.

• It was called the Delian League because its headquarters was on the island of Delos.

• The league drove the Persians out of

  Greek territories in Anatolia, which increased trade and made Greece richer.

Multiple Choice

How did the Delian League make Greece richer?

• It eliminated the need for a democracy.

• It created more shops and boats.

• It forced away Persians, which were a threat to Greece, and increased trade.

• It forced other city-states to give them money.

The Peloponnesian War

• Over time, however, the Delian League failed and Athens began to control the other member city-states.

• In 433 b.c. Athens interfered with some of Sparta’s allies, who pressured Sparta to attack Athens.

• The conflict is called the Peloponnesian War because Sparta was located in the Peloponnesus region of Greece.

Multiple Choice

Why did the Peloponnesian War start?

• Sparta wanted to test the strength of their military.

• Athens began to try to control other city-states and interfered with Spartan allies.

• Women were mad about not having rights and wanted to join Sparta.

• Athens was mad about the Delian League failing.

Funeral Oration and Disease

• At a funeral ceremony for soldiers and sailors killed in battle, Pericles made a famous speech called the Funeral Oration.

• In the speech, Pericles gave reasons why democracy is worth fighting for.

• After about two years, a deadly disease broke out in Athens and 1/3 of the people died, including Pericles.

• During the next 25 years, each side won some victories, but neither side was able to defeat its opponent.

Multiple Choice

What was the importance of Pericles' funeral oration?

• It encouraged people to keep fighting for their right to democracy.

• It gave respect to the dead.

• It started more wars with other city-states.

• It showed he cared about his citizens.

Multiple Choice

What caused the death of Pericles?

• war

• hunger

• a deadly disease

• a revolt

A Deal

• Finally, Sparta made a deal with the Persians where they agreed to give Persia some territory in Anatolia.

• In return, Persia gave Sparta money to build a navy.

• In 405 b.c. Sparta’s new navy destroyed the Athenian fleet and Athens surrendered a year later.

Multiple Choice

How did Sparta finally conquer Athens?

• They asked Persia to fight with them.

• They joined forces with Persia and built a new navy.

• They used Persian warships.

• They asked Athens to surrender.

Effects of the Peloponnesian War

• The Peloponnesian War brought disaster to the Greek city-states.

• Governments were left weak and divided.

• Many people had died in battle and from disease.

• After the war ended, Sparta ruled its new empire much like Athens had ruled.

• Sparta’s allied city-states grew angry at the harsh treatment.

Multiple Select

Select all effects of the Peloponnesian War.

• Many people died in battle.

• Governments were left weak and divided.

• Allied city-states became angry at Sparta's treatment.

• Pericles died.

• Women were given more rights since Sparta was in charge.

Loss of Greek City-State Independence

While the city-states fought each other, a kingdom grew to the north. The kingdom was Macedonia. Eventually the strength of Macedonia cost the Greek city-states their independence.