Enlightenment People and Ideas

5.1 Enlightenment People and Ideas

Open Ended

What was a moment of Enlightenment in your own life?

Enlightenment topics

• relationship between Gvt. and it's people

• Who deserves rights and which rights are they entitled to

• What is the role of morals/religion in politics

• How should nations interact with one another

Figures of Enlightenment we need to know

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

• Mary Wallstonecraft

• Jean Jaques Rousseau

• Francois Marie Alouet Voltaire

• Karl Marx

• Adam Smith

John Locke

• –Believed every person is born with certain natural rights

  •Life, Liberty, and Propert

• – Two Treatises on Government

  •People form governments to protect natural rights

  •Government’s duty is to protect citizens… can be overthrown if unjust

Voltaire

• French philosopher and Author

• –Attacked the Catholic Church

  •Believed in freedom of religion and expression

• Huge proponent of separation of church and state

Rousseau

• –Believed government should be what the people want

  •Felt people’s natural innocence was corrupted by societal evils

• –Wrote The Social Contract

  •The community of the whole should be placed above individual interests

  •Government’s should place very little limits on citizens

Wallstonecraft

• "Vindication on the Rights of Women

• believed women's first place was in home, BUT she should make decisions for what's best for her and not just follow the orders of men.

• called for equal education for boys and girls

• believed education was the key for women to be equal to men.

Poll

When you hear the term "Communism" or "Socialism" in daily life (on tv, movies, books, conversation etc.) how is it typically described?

• positively

• negatively

• neutral

Poll

How is capitalism usually discussed in daily life?

• positively

• negatively

• neither

• both

Karl Marx

• father of Communism/Socialism movement

• believed that the working class (bourgeoise) should rise up and take possession of the state from the wealthy (proletariat)

• belief in a state of equality where wealth, income, services, and oppurtunities are shared with everyone