1/15: Effects of the Great Depression

Today, you'll complete this Quizizz & a 5 question DOL in All in Learning.

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By the end of this lesson, you should be able to

explain the effects of the Great Depression on the economy & the deportation + repatriation of people of Mexican heritage.

Public Overconfidence in the Market

• Americans buy new products

• Faith that the economy & wages will only continue rising

• Avg American has more $$ than before, begins to invest like the rich

• Stock prices & company values SOAR during the roaring 20s

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was responsible for creating a booming economy during the 1920s in which companies made more money than ever before as Americans accumulated debt?

• the overproduction of food & struggling agricultural sector

• the gap between the wealthiest & poorest Americans

• consumerism & advertisements

Multiple Choice

What do we call the risky investing in the stock market that contributed to the Great Depression where people are overly confident that a company is going to grow and invest a LOT of their own personal money in stock?

• overspeculation

• consumerism

• tariff

• interest rate

Overspeculation + Buying Stocks on Margin

Americans took out loans to invest money in stocks - BUYING STOCKS ON MARGIN - of companies they were told were going to grow & make them money.

Multiple Choice

On Black Tuesday - October of ____ - the US Stock Market crash to historic lows and the Great Depression began.

• 1920

• 1929

• 1932

Effects of the Great Depression

• People run to withdraw cash from banks, banks can't produce the $, 25,000 banks fail by 1933 & Americans lose their entire savings because it was not gov insured

• 1929-1932: unemployment hit 25% with 12 million Americans unable to find work

• lack of consumer spending & stock market crash led to the failure of 90,000 businesses

• US had record poverty & suicide rates

Multiple Choice

Which headline describes the primary issue faced by the federal government at the onset of the Great Depression?

Multiple Choice

Which statement best explains how bank failures contributed to the Great Depression?

• People lost their savings because the government did not insure bank deposits.

• Business could not be done when President Franklin Roosevelt declared a bank holiday.

• The interest rates on bank loans were too high.

• Foreign investors did not invest enough in US banks.

How did the US government respond to the crisis?

• in 1929, laissez faire economics was THE policy - no gov intervention, market will "fix" itself

• President Herbert Hoover championed rugged individualism: all people can work hard & survive on their own & gov help should be minimal

• Rugged individualism is rooted in Social Darwinism with the survival of the fittest

Multiple Choice

Which action best completes this cause-and-effect diagram?

• Banks lower interest rates

• Elected leaders lower tariff rates

• Companies lay off employees

• Labor unions demand higher wages

Life During the Great Depression

• unemployment left most Americans without income, those still employed saw their wages cut from $1/hour to 0.40/hour

• unable to pay bills, mortgage foreclosure left many Americans homeless

• shanty towns made of cardboard & cloth tents grew across the US as homeless Americans created so-called "Hoovervilles" after President Hoover

Multiple Choice

Which of the following contributed most to the situation described in this excerpt?

• The rise of corporate monopolies

• Strict banking regulations and high income taxes

• The influx of immigrants into urban areas

• High unemployment and widespread home foreclosures

Poverty Across the US

• Breadlines & soup kitchens struggled to feed unemployed Americans

• Meat & vegetables became too expensive, cabbage soup was the most common meal

• Family members alternated days that they ate

• Many children saw childhood cut short at 13 years old when they were forced out of their homes to fend for themselves

Children & single men were "riding the rods" hoping on railcars passing through cities searching for any work available.

President Hoover

tries & fails

to stimulate the economy

• By Spring of 1930, Hoover realizes he needs to do something

• a tariff is a tax on imported goods, discourages Americans from buying foreign products by raising the price, encouraging American business

• passes the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act & it WORSENS the economic crisis as European countries are also economically struggling & now no longer purchase American goods

Multiple Choice

In 1862 the Homestead Act granted free land to Americans willing to work the land and build farms in which region of the US?

Multiple Choice

Which of these factors conributed most to the Dust Bowl?

• Flash flooding & intense deforestation

• Prolonged drought & poor farming practices

• High winds & railroad construction

• Severe heat & rapid suburban development

The Dust Bowl

• 1930-1936: greatest environmental catastrophe in US History

• caused by farmers over planting & not rotating crops which depleted the top soil AND a drought

• brought dust storms that led hundreds of thousands of people to migrate to California

Impact of the Great Depression on non-white Americans

• in 1932, the African-American unemployment rate was 75% - TRIPLE unemployment of white Americans

• 40% of Black workers lost their jobs in the North & many lost their farms in the South & West

• Latinos were “first fired & last hired” as companies fired workers of color & hired white men

Mexican Repatriation in the 1930s

• deportation: the action of deporting a foreigner from a country

• repatriation: the return of someone to their country of origin

• 
  

Federal Government Moves to Reduce Competition for Jobs

• 1929-1932: between 400,000 & 2,000,000 people were "repatriated"

• at least 60% of those deported were birthright citizens

• Ethnic cleansing: “... a purposeful policy designed by one ethnic or religious group to remove by violent and terror-inspiring means the civilian population of another ethnic or religious group from certain geographic areas.”

Multiple Choice

This excerpt describes an instance of deportation during the 1930s as part of a repatriation effort. Why did the federal government implement repatriation?

• to fulfill the terms of a global peace treaty

• to protect national security

• to reduce competition for jobs

• to prevent communist influence on labor unions

Open Ended

To wrap up, share the most interesting effect of the Great Depression you learned today.

Complete the 5 question AIL DOL by Sunday

100% for completing this ENTIRE QUIZIZZ averaged with 100% for completing the DOL by the deadline