Sentences

Sentences

-with Ms. Mantos-

OBJECTIVES:

• Identify what a sentence is

• Classify sentences according to use

• Identify prepositional, participial, and infinitive phrases

• Identify adjective clauses and the word they describe

• Distinguish between restrictive and nonrestrictive clauses

• Identify adverb clauses and subordinate conjunctions

Sentence

• a group of words that expresses a complete thought

• Subject - who or what it's about

• Complete Subject = simple subject + all the words that go with it

• Predicate - action or state of being

• Complete Predicate = simple predicate + all the words that go with it

Imaginary lines on the globe separate the 24 time zones.

Imaginary lines on the globe separate the 24 time zones.

• Simple Subject = lines

• Simple Predicate = separate

• Complete Subject = Imaginary lines on the globe

• Complete Predicate = separate the 24 time zones

Identify the simple subject in the following sentences.

20 seconds to answer

Fill in the Blank

Destructive tornados occur frequently in spring.

Fill in the Blank

My family and I drove from Florida to New Mexico.

Fill in the Blank

Zero degree longitude marks the start of time zones.

Fill in the Blank

One hour is lost for every time zone to the west.

Identify the complete predicate in each sentence.

30 seconds to answer

Fill in the Blank

The scenery was amazing!

Fill in the Blank

The correct answer was two time zones.

Kinds of Sentences

according to functions

Poll

How well do you know about the four kinds of sentences according to function?

• 100%

• 75%

• 50%

Tell whether each sentence is declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory.

5 seconds to answer

Multiple Choice

Do you know what to do in case of severe weather?

• Declarative

• Interrogative

• Imperative

• Exclamatory

Multiple Choice

Go to the basement, please.

• Declarative

• Interrogative

• Imperative

• Exclamatory

Multiple Choice

What are the warning signs of severe weather?

• Declarative

• Interrogative

• Imperative

• Exclamatory

Multiple Choice

Funnel clouds develop from the colliding of hot and cold air.

• Declarative

• Interrogative

• Imperative

• Exclamatory

Multiple Choice

What a beautiful day!

• Declarative

• Interrogative

• Imperative

• Exclamatory

Multiple Choice

Do we have something to answer?

• Declarative

• Interrogative

• Imperative

• Exclamatory

Multiple Choice

Wow! That was superb.

• Declarative

• Interrogative

• Imperative

• Exclamatory

Multiple Select

Look at the map!

• Declarative

• Interrogative

• Imperative

• Exclamatory

Declarative Sentence

• makes a statement

• ends with a period (.)

Interrogative Sentence

• asks a question

• ends with a question mark (?)

Imperative Sentence

• gives a command or implies a request

• ends with a period (.) or an exclamatory point (!)

Exclamatory Sentence

• expresses a strong emotion

• ends with an exclamatory point (!)

How does a phrase differ from a clause?

Phrase

• a group of words that is used as a single part of speech

• does not contain a subject or predicate

Clause

• group of words that contains a subject and a predicate

• independent clause = expresses a complete thought

• dependent clause = cannot stand alone

Adjective and Adverb Phrases

Prepositional Phrase

• preposition + OP + modifiers of the subject

• The Marine Corps was established in 1798.

• The initial corps was a group within the United States.

Tell whether the underlined phrase acts as an adjective or adverb.

10 seconds to answer

Multiple Choice

The Barbary Coast is part of North Africa.

• Adjective

• Adverb

Multiple Choice

In the 1700s and early 1800s, pirates from the Barbary States robbed and terrorized the ships of other countries.

• Adjective

• Adverb

Multiple Choice

They sailed before daybreak.

• Adjective

• Adverb

Prepositional Phrase

• preposition + OP + modifiers of the subject

• Adjective Phrase = modifies a noun/pronoun (What kind? or Which one?

• Adverb Phrase = modifies a verb, an adverb, or adjective (Where? When? How?)

Participial Phrase

• present or past participle + any words that go with it

• always act as adjectives

Infinitve Phrase

• to + base form of the verb + any words that go with it

• acts as an adjective, adverb, noun

Tell whether the underlined phrase acts as an adjective, adverb, or noun.

10 seconds to answer

Multiple Choice

Countless efforts to stop these raids failed.

• Adjective

• Adverb

• Noun

Multiple Choice

The pirates' offers to spare U.S. ships were rejected.

• Adjective

• Adverb

• Noun

Multiple Choice

To let the ships pass, the pirates demanded payment.

• Adjective

• Adverb

• Noun

Multiple Choice

I searched the Internet to find the lyrics.

• Adjective

• Adverb

• Noun

Identify the phrases in each sentence. Tell whether each is prepositional, participial, or infinitive.

2 minutes to answer

Fill in the Blank

I am studying the songs of the military services.

Fill in the Blank

My desire to understand the lyrics sparked new research.

Fill in the Blank

Reading the lyrics, I had some questions about their meaning.

Clause

• group of words that contains a subject and a predicate

• independent clause = expresses a complete thought

• dependent clause = cannot stand alone

Adjective Clauses

Adjective Clauses

• a type of dependent clause

• describes a noun or pronoun

• usually begins with one of the relative pronouns (who, whom, whose, which, or that)

• some begins with a subordinate conjunction (when, where, why)

Identify the adjective clause in each sentence.

60 seconds to answer

Fill in the Blank

Identify the adjective clause in the sentence below.

It is in a region that is very cold.

Fill in the Blank

Identify the adjective clause in the sentence below.

Willis Tower, which is in Chicago, is a world-famous skyscraper.

Fill in the Blank

Identify the adjective clause in the sentence below.

The views from the buildings that overlook Lake Michigan are spectacular.

Fill in the Blank

Identify the adjective clause in the sentence below.

The floow where visitors can see the entire city is called the Skydeck.

Multiple Select

Restrictive and nonrestrictive clauses are adjective phrases.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Select

Restrictive and nonrestrictive clauses are adjective clauses.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

Identify if the sentence contains a restrictive or nonrestrictive clause.

5 seconds to answer

Multiple Select

His garden , which was at the back of the lot, contained a wide variety of vegetables.

• Restrictive

• Nonrestrictive

Multiple Select

The beans that did so well last year are not available.

• Restrictive

• Nonrestrictive

Multiple Select

Tomatoes, strawberries, and rhubarb are plants that grow hardily.

• Restrictive

• Nonrestrictive

Multiple Select

Weeding, which is my least favorite gardening task, must be done frequently.

• Restrictive

• Nonrestrictive

Identify if the statement is TRUE or FALSE.

10 seconds to answer

Multiple Select

A nonrestrictive clause is not set off by commas.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Select

The restrictive clause does not have commas.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Select

A restrictive clause is usually preceded by a proper noun.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Select

The relative pronoun that is generally used for restrictive clauses.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Select

The relative pronoun which is used for restrictive clauses.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses

• A nonrestrictive clause is set off by commas.

• A restrictive clause does not have commas.

• A proper noun is usually followed by a nonrestrictive clause.

• The relative pronoun that is used for the restrictive clause.

• The relative pronoun which is used for the nonrestrictive clause.

Adverb Clauses

Adverb Clauses

• acts as adverbs

• tell where, why, when, in what way, to what extent, or under what condition

• introduced by subordinate conjunctions

Identify the dependent clause in each sentence.

60 seconds to answer

Fill in the Blank

Whenever you want to leave, I will be ready.

Fill in the Blank

As soon as she puts on her coat, we can leave.

Fill in the Blank

Make certain that you have your keys before we lock the door.

Fill in the Blank

Dad did the grocery while Mom ran errands.

Fill in the Blank

We'll buy peaches if they look ripe.

Thank you!

Have a great day ahead :)