Unit 4 Science Review

Unit 4 Science Review

Part 1 (Sessions 1-4)

Session 1

Technology in Astronomy

Vocabulary Words

• Chart: A sheet that contains information

• Data: Information that has been collected

• Observatory: A building with astronomical equipment used to study stellar objects like asteroids, comets, stars, planets, and galaxies

• Satellite: A natural or artificial object that orbits around another object, such as the Moon or a device orbiting Earth

• Space Probe: An unmanned spacecraft used to explore outer space and send data back to Earth

• Telescope: An instrument for viewing or detecting distant objects

Hubble Telescope

See video here: https://youtu.be/FEnqDEPsBHQ

Refactor Telescope

See Video: https://youtu.be/jAFrlzOtz-Y

Galileo

See Video: https://youtu.be/3UyV6yg9hqM

Multiple Choice

What does DATA mean?

• Information that has not been collected

• Information that has been collected

• Information that you do nothing with

Multiple Choice

What does a telescope do?

• shows things that are close up

• shows things that are far away

• measures the temperature of things

Multiple Choice

Until the invention of the telescope, there was no evidence of moons around any planet beyond Earth. What is this an example of?

• the observation of the creation of a planetary moon

• new interpretations of old evidence changing scientific knowledge

• new evidence changing scientific knowledge

Multiple Choice

Which definition is related to this vocabulary word: observatory

• a building with astronomical equipment used to study only the moon

• a small place to look up at the sky

• A building with astronomical equipment used to study stellar objects like asteroids, comets, stars, planets, and galaxies

Multiple Choice

Which of the following explains the effect that the communication of scientists had on launching the Hubble Space Telescope?

• More scientists wanted the telescope to be on Earth's surface.

• The project got the research, support, and money it needed.

• Lyman Spitzer did not get any credit because other scientists took his ideas.

Multiple Choice

What is the definition of a satellite?

• A natural object only that orbits around another object

• An artificial object only that orbits around another object

• A natural or artificial object that orbits around another object

Multiple Choice

What most likely changed the scientific ideas about water on Mars?

• the development of satellite telescopes that collected new evidence from Mars

• the development of new formation theories based on meteorites from Mars

• the ability to replicate what it would be like to visit Mars

Multiple Choice

The four largest moons of Jupiter were first seen in the early 1600s. Which of the following made this possible?

• The United States launched a space shuttle.

• Galileo invented the first telescope.

• Jupiter moved closer to Earth.

Multiple Choice

True or False: A human drives a spacecraft, called a space probe, to explore outer space and sends data back to space.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Over the years, how did scientists make new discoveries about objects that are far away from Earth?

• Tested Earth’s soil

• Stood on rooftops

• Built larger telescopes

Multiple Choice

A radio telescope can detect radio waves from stars. Because it does not depend on visible light, it can be used during the day when the Sun is shining. Why is this an advantage over other telescopes?

A radio telescope __________.

• is not able to see planets, only stars

• can be used for a longer time each day

• usually costs more to build and repair

Multiple Choice

The United States has landed a device on Mars. Using this device, which question can now be answered that could not be answered before?

• What is the soil like on Mars?

• What shape and color is Mars?

• How far away is Mars?

Session 2

Attributes of Stars

Vocabulary Terms

• Apparent Brightness: The brightness of a star perceived by an observer on Earth

• Distance: How far from one point to another point

• Gas: Matter with no set volume and no set shape

• Light Year: The distance light travels in one year

• Size: How large or small

• Star: A ball of gas in space that produces its own light and heat

Videos

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zo-sKzMWYFA

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best explains why the stars are not visible during the day?

• The sun is so dim, and it overwhelms the light of the other stars.

• The sun is so hot, and it overwhelms the light of the other stars.

• The sun is so bright, that is overwhelms the light of the other stars.

Multiple Choice

Which vocabulary word matches this definition: matter with no set volume and no set shape.

• light year

• size

• gas

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best explains why nighttime stars appear so much smaller than the Sun?

• The sky gets dark at night.

• The stars are far away from Earth.

• The stars a smaller than the sun.

Multiple Choice

We can see the Sun during the day, and then see stars in the nighttime. What observations can you make about this?

• The sun is farther away than the stars in the night sky.

• The sun is a star and is closer to Earth than the stars in the night sky.

• The sun and the stars are the same distance from Earth.

Multiple Choice

Why are the stars observed and have different colors?

• It is due to the different distances.

• It is due to the different atmospheres.

• It is due to the different surface temperatures.

Session 3

Comparing Stars and Planets

Vocabulary Terms

• Constellation: A group of stars that form a recognizable pattern in the sky

• Orbit: The path one object takes as it revolves around another object in space

• Planet: Any of the large celestial bodies that revolve around the Sun in the solar system

• Star: A ball of gas in space that produces its own light and heat

See Video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M41yLjQ2ot0

Multiple Choice

What statement best describes what orbit means?

• A group of stars that form a recognizable pattern in the sky

• Only one star moving by itself.

• The path one object takes as it revolves around another object in space

Multiple Choice

Why is it that a constellation appears to be moving across the night sky?

• The stars are moving and not Earth.

• The tilt of Earth's axis.

• Earth's rotation on its axis.

Multiple Choice

Which statement below is true of ALL stars?

• The stars are the same temperature as the sun.

• The stars are the same distance from Earth.

• The stars follow similar life cycles.

Multiple Choice

What makes a constellation?

• The stars form a pattern/shape.

• The stars are all the same size.

• The stars are close together than other stars.

Session 4

Planets In Our Solar System

Vocabulary Terms

• Appearance: The way something looks

• Composition: The general makeup of something

• Earth: The third planet from the Sun and the only planet in the solar system where life exists

• Jupiter: The fifth planet from the Sun

• Mars: The fourth planet from the Sun

• Mercury: The closest planet to the Sun

• Model: A limited representation of something that can help us understand its structure or how it works

* venus: The second planet from the Sun

• Neptune: The eighth planet from the Sun

• Pluto: A dwarf planet once considered to be the ninth planet from the Sun

• Relative Size: How large or small an object is compared to another object

• Saturn: The sixth planet from the Sun

• Solar System: The Sun together with the group of planets and other celestial bodies that revolve around it that are held by its gravitational attraction

• Sun: The star at the center of the solar system that supplies heat and light to Earth; its enormous gravity keeps the solar system in orbit

• Uranus: The seventh planet from the Sun

See videoS:

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VczTjSF_Puw

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fBkOVqr-4-U&pbjreload=101

Multiple Choice

If a spacecraft visits Jupiter, then Saturn, and then goes to Uranus. After Uranus, what planet would it visit next?

• Venus

• Mercury

• Pluto

• Neptune

Multiple Choice

Neptune is closest to what other planet?

• Saturn

• Uranus

• Venus

Multiple Choice

From the answer choices, which planet has a big red spot?

• Mars

• Jupiter

• Venus

Multiple Choice

What separates the outer and inner planets in our solar system?

• the Milky Way

• the asteroid belt

• a moon

Session 5

Day and Night, Moon Phases, and Seasons

Multiple Choice

If given a calendar of 1 month out of the year, the moon phases would be different from day to day. How often would there be a full moon in that month?

• Around 7 days

• Around 30 days

• Around 14 days

Did you know?

• The Moon completes a lunar cycle every 29.5 days, from new moon to the next new moon. A full moon phase happens once during the cycle.

• The reason "around 30 days" is closer to every 29.5 days.

Multiple Choice

Which phase of the moon is the arrow pointing to in the picture?

• Waxing Gibbous

• Waxing Crescent

• Waning Crescent

• Waning Crescent

Multiple Choice

Which phase of the moon is the arrow pointing to in the picture?

• Waxing Crescent

• Waning Crescent

• Waning Gibbous

• Waxing Gibbous

Multiple Choice

Which phase of the moon is the arrow pointing to in the picture?

• Waxing Crescent

• Waning Crescent

• Waning Gibbous

• Waxing Gibbous

Multiple Choice

Which phase of the moon is the arrow pointing to in the picture?

• Waxing Crescent

• Waning Crescent

• Waning Gibbous

• Waxing Gibbous

Multiple Choice

If a flashlight was put directly in front of Georgia (flashlight is representing the sun), which would give Georgia longer days and nights. What can I do with the flashlight on a globe to represent Georgia having shorter days and nights?

• I should move the flashlight closer to the globe and Georgia.

• I should move the flashlight to the other side of the globe.

• I should spin the globe faster.

Multiple Choice

How long does it take for the Moon to orbit 1x around Earth.

• 29.5 days

• 365 days

• 24 hours

Multiple Choice

We know that the Sun doesn't move, but our Earth rotates on its axis and it also revolves around the sun. If the sunrise in Savannah, Georgia is 6:15am and the Sunrise here in Grovetown, Georgia is 6:20am, what explains the difference in sunrise times?

• Earth is rotating from east to west.

• Earth is rotating from west to east.

• Earth is rotating from north to south

Multiple Choice

If there is a "new moon" and I wanted to take my dog out to the backyard will I need a flashlight?

• She might need light because it will only be a half moon.

• She will not need al ight because the Moon will be fully visible.

• She will need a light because the Moon will not be visible.