Building Blocks of life- Biology

6.4 Building Blocks of life- Biology

Open Ended

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HS-LS1-6 From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes

Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for how carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from sugar molecules may combine with other elements to form amino acids and/or other large carbon-based molecules.

Key Concepts

• 4 types of biomolecules (biological macromolecules)

• Carbon compounds are the basic building blocks of living organisms

• Each biomolecule has a special function

Open Ended

What is your favorite food?

Do you know what your favorite food is made of?

Food is..

A source of large molecules/compounds that are needed for life called Biomolecules (biological macromolecules)

Food is mostly made of these elements:

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Sometimes Nitrogen

• Sometimes Phosphorous

Multiple Select

Which elements are food made of? (Check all that apply)

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Phosphorous

• Nitrogen

Carbon atoms can join together to form carbon molecules

• Carbon is a pattern maker

• When joined with other atoms, it can make long chains called Polymers.

All life forms are made of Carbon

The element Carbon is found in all living things. 

Carbon atoms move constantly through living organisms, the oceans, the atmosphere, and the Earth's crust 

Multiple Select

Which living things contain the element Carbon? (Check all that apply)

• Humans

• Plants

• Dogs

• Insects

Biomolecules (biological macromolecules) - 4 types

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates

• Functions: Stores energy and provide structural support

• Carbs are broken down into simple sugars.

• When the body needs energy, carbs are broken down into simple sugars that serve as an energy source

• In plants, a carb provides structural support in cell walls

• Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (CHO)

Open Ended

Write an example of a Carbohydrate.

Lipids

• Functions: energy storage and provide barriers

• Lipids are made up of fats, oils, and waxes

• Plants are coated with wax to prevent water loss, and honeycomb in a beehive is made of beeswax

• Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (CHO)

Fill in the Blanks

Lipids are also known as

Proteins

• Functions: Builds and repairs tissues, makes hormones, speed up reactions

• Our muscles, skin and hair are all made of proteins

• Made up of small Carbon compounds called Amino acids

• Amino acids are made of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen (CHON)

Multiple Select

What is the function of a protein? (choose all that apply)

• Builds tissues

• Makes hormones

• Speed up reactions

• Repairs tissues

Nucleic Acids

• Function: Stores and communicates genetic information (DNA/ RNA)

• Made from Nucleotides: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous

Multiple Select

What types of genetic information do nucleic acids store? (Choose all that apply)

• DNA

• RNA

How to remember the components of the 4 macromolecules

Open Ended

Name 1 of the 4 biomolecules