Diseases and the Chain of Infection

Diseases & the Chain of Infection

¬Non-infectious

–*Diseases CAUSED by one’s lifestyle or CHOICES one makes (behaviors)

–Linked to environment & genetics

¬Examples:

– Cancer, Stroke, Heart disease, Diabetes

¬Infectious

–diseases transmitted by pathogens (germs)

–Person to person

¬Examples:

–STDs, Flu

–Common Cold, Pneumonia

Infectious vs Non-Infectious disease
(contagious, communicable)  (lifestyle disease, non-contagious, non-communicable)

Non-Communicable Diseases

**Hypertension - high blood pressure "silent killer"

**​Heart disease (#1 COD of all Americans)

​- any disease of the heart and blood vessels

​- heart attack = blockage of blood flow to heart, can be fatal on 1st time, but doesn't have to be

​**Cancer - (#2 COD) abnormal growth of cells

​- early detection increases chances of survival

​Non-Communicable Diseases, cont.

​​**Stroke (#4 COD) - blockage of blood flow to brain (think FAST)

**Diabetes (#7 COD) - inability of pancreas to produce insulin or it produces too much

​- insulin = hormone released bc of high blood glucose

​- Type I (immune system attacks pancreas) vs Type 2 (body cannot respond to high glucose)

Multiple Choice

Heart disease is a communicable disease.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Infectious (contagious/communicable) diseases, like the flu, are spread from person to person.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Diseases CAUSED by one's lifestyle choices, genetics, or environment.

• Communicable

• Non-communicable

Match

Match the following

• Heart Disease

• Cancer

• Stroke

• Diabetes

Disease of the heart and blood vessels

Abnormal growth of cells

Blockage of blood flow to the brain

Inability of pancreas to produce insulin or it produces too much

• Disease of the heart and blood vessels

• Abnormal growth of cells

• Blockage of blood flow to the brain

• Inability of pancreas to produce insulin or it produces too much

Multiple Choice

A risk factor is a KNOWN CAUSE to various conditions.

• True

• False

Match

Match the following

• Pathogen

• Reservoir

• Port of Exit

• Port of Entry

• Method of Transmission

Organism capable of causing illness

Place for pathogen to live

Way out of the body

Way into the body

Way to Travel to next host

• Organism capable of causing illness

• Place for pathogen to live

• Way out of the body

• Way into the body

• Way to Travel to next host

Multiple Choice

Person who gets a disease because of weak defenses

• pathogen

• susceptible host

• reservoir

• port of entry

Reorder

Reorder the following

• Pathogen & reservoir

• Port of Exit

• Method of transmission

• Port of Entry

• Susceptible host

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Match

Match the following

• Reservoir

• Pathogen

• Ports of entry/exit

• susceptible host

• methods of transmission

humans, animals, contaminated food/water

bacteria, virus, fungus, parasite

mouth, nose, genital area, open wound

babies, elderly, anyone with weak immunity

direct, indirect, airborne

• humans, animals, contaminated food/water

• bacteria, virus, fungus, parasite

• mouth, nose, genital area, open wound

• babies, elderly, anyone with weak immunity

• direct, indirect, airborne

Multiple Choice

To "kill the pathogen" ONLY works for bacteria.

• True

• False

Match

Match the following

• Prevent contact

• Prevent Escape *from sick person’s body

• Prevent Transmission

• Block the Ports into your body

• Resistant Host

quarantine

Cover your mouth when you cough, wash hands, masks

control spread of disease, like insects, sewage

Band-Aids, Kleenex, cover mouth – mask, wash hands

get vaccines, strengthen immune system

• quarantine

• Cover your mouth when you cough, wash hands, masks

• control spread of disease, like insects, sewage

• Band-Aids, Kleenex, cover mouth – mask, wash hands

• get vaccines, strengthen immune system

Multiple Choice

What is the single most effective way to break the Chain of Infection?

• Handwashing

• Wear masks

• Cleaning surfaces