Unit 5B: Lesson 2- Blood Vessels: Arteries & Veins 1/11-1/12

Unit 5B: Lesson 2- Blood Vessels: Arteries & Veins 1/11-1/12

Learning objectives

SW learn the role of arteries and veins

SW differentiate between types of veins

SW label the veins and arteries on the body

Multiple Choice

What is plasma?

• only white blood cells

• only red blood cells

• fluid part of blood

• hemoglobin

Multiple Choice

What does blood transport?

• Nutrients
• Oxygen 
• Carbon Dioxide
• All of the above

Multiple Choice

What does blood consist of?

• plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
• hormones, oxygen, nutrients, water
• red blood cells
• carbon dioxide and minerals

Loops

1. The Pulmonary Loop begins with the pulmonary trunk which branches into the Pulmonary Arteries. These arteries take blood to the lungs to ‘reload’ with O2 and get rid of CO2.

2. The Systemic Loop begins with the largest artery the Aorta - blood to the rest of the body(capillary beds) and back to the heart via the right atrium

Types of arteries

Arteries always carry blood away from the heart and take it to the tissues.

1. Elastic arteries- Arteries that are closer to the heart must be more elastic in order to expand to slow blood down. The Aorta is the very largest of all the arteries and has the diameter of your right thumb. The elasticity of these arteries is very important in slowing blood down as it leaves the heart.

2. Muscular arteries:

These arteries are found farther from the heart (as the arteries pass the Antecubital area or Popliteal area). These arteries have a little thicker layer of smooth muscle than the elastic arteries. This allows these arteries to stretch and then give a ‘push’ as they rebound to keep the pressure going. This can be felt as a ‘pulse’ in the wrist area.

Veins and fluid return to the Heart

The blood vessels that return blood to the heart are the veins. Veins ALWAYS return blood to the heart.

Two types of veins

There are more veins than arteries and they are found in two groups: 

a) Deep Veins: Deep veins are located next to the main artery.  

b)Superficial veins

Superficial Veins

1. Dorsal Venous Network: this is the pattern of veins located on the back of the hand.

2. ‘Sexy” Cephalic Vein: This vein travels up and over the radius (Brachioradialis muscle) and then over the Biceps muscle before it begins to go deep and join the subclavian vein

3. Basilic Vein: This vein travels along the ulna, then medial and ventral over the cubital (the fold of the elbow), and then up the medial side of the brachial (upper arm) before it goes deep and joins the Axillary vein.

Superficial Veins

4. Cubital Vein: This vein travels over the antecubital (cubital) region and connects the cephalic flow to the basilic flow. 

5. Saphenous Vein: This vein comes off of the dorsal venous network of the foot and travels up the entire medial side of the leg until it joins the iliac vein. This vein is used for Cardiac Arterial Bypass Grafts (CABG).

Facts about Superficial Veins

Superficial veins are like Single women! They keep their name the entire way back up the body. These veins are found under the skin and have an extra job besides returning blood to the heart. These veins help in thermoregulation! When a person is hot or increases body heat due to activity or the environment, the veins really come to the surface in order to release heat.

Multiple Choice

Which vessel has sphincter muscles at the ends to regulate flow?

• Artery

• Vein

• Arterioles

• Venules

Multiple Choice

Carry blood toward heart; mostly oxygen-poor

• Arteries
• Veins
• Capillaries

Multiple Choice

Carry blood away from heart; mostly oxygen-rich

• Arteries
• Veins
• Capillaries

Multiple Choice

Human blood vessels are

• artries, capillaries, and atria

• ventricles, atria and pulmonary veins

• capillaries, artries, and veins

• veins, artries, and aorta

Multiple Choice

Human blood vessels are

• artries, capillaries, and atria

• ventricles, atria and pulmonary veins

• capillaries, artries, and veins

• veins, artries, and aorta