4.1.5 Life Science Practice

4.1.5 Practice

- the development of the cell theory

- Identify the parts of cells and the functions of those parts.

Cells

Every organism, from a tiny bacterium to a giant blue whale, is made of one or more cells.

Cell theory didn't advance further for another 150 years

Cell Theory Contributors

• Hook - used microscope to observe dead cork - discovered cells

• Schleiden & Schwann - discovered that all living things are made up of cells

• Anton van Leeuwenhoek - first to observe and identify living cells

• Virchow - discovered cells divide - all living cells come from other living cells

Multiple Choice

Who discovered that all cells are made from other cells through division?

• Hook

• van Leeuwenhoek

• Schwann & Schleiden

• Virchow

Multiple Choice

Who was the first to discover cells?

• Hook

• van Leeuwenhoek

• Schwann & Schleiden

• Virchow

Multiple Select

Which three statements are parts of the cell theory?

• The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.

• Pond water contains tiny living things called animalcules.

• All cells come from other living cells.

• Living things can suddenly form out of nonliving materials.

• All living things are made of one or more cells.

Basic Parts of All Cells

• Each cell is covered by a cell membrane.

• Each cell contains a grainy-looking fluid called cytoplasm

• Each cell carries genetic material that consists of DNA.

Multiple Choice

What part of the cell determines what can exit and leave a cell?

• Cytoplasm

• Cell membrane

• Nucleus

• DNA

Parts of a Cell

• Nucleus - stores DNA

• Vacuole - stores food, waste

• Lysosome - enzymes that break down food and recycle materials

• Mitochondrion - turn food into energy (ATP)

• Cell Membrane - protects the cell and decides what can enter or leave

Multiple Choice

What makes the cell's source of energy for its activities?

• Nucleus

• Lysosome

• Mitochondrion

• Vacuole

Multiple Choice

Which part of a cell stores food and other materials

• Nucleus

• Mitochondrion

• Vacuole

• Lysosome

Multiple Choice

Which part of a cell stores enzymes that break down food and other materials?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondrion

• Vacuole

• Lysosome

Multiple Choice

Which cell structure acts as a brain/control center for the cell?

• Nucleus

• Vacuole

• Cell wall

• Cytoplasm

Cell Walls

• Only in plant cells

• Every plant cell is coated with a rigid cell wall.

• Living plant cells build cell walls out of cellulose.

• Cell walls help support the bodies of plants.

Chloroplast

• Green organelles found only in plants and some protists, such as algae.

• The green color is caused by chlorophyll, a substance that absorbs sunlight.

• Chloroplasts use energy carried by sunlight to make sugars and oxygen (O₂) gas.

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Multiple Choice

This organelle is in both plants and animals. It is a barrier between the cell and the environment. (It controls what goes in and out of a cell.)

• cell wall

• cell membrane

• cell organelles

• mitochondria

Multiple Select

Which two things does a plant cell have that an animal cell does not?

• Cell membrane

• Cell wall

• Lysosome

• Chloroplast