18 Week Checkpoint: Advanced Life Science

18 Week Checkpoint-Advanced Life Science

Mitosis

• Purpose: growth and repair of the body

• Same number of chromosomes as parent cell

  
  

• Happens in asexually reproduction organisms (like bacteria)

  
  

• Cells created are identical to each other

Multiple Choice

Which of these describes mitosis?

• produces reproductive (sex) cells

• produces genetically diverse (not identical) cells

• produces cells through a sexually reproductive process

• produces identical cells for growth and repair

Meiosis

• Purpose: create gametes for reproduction

  
  

• Cells created are genetically different to each other

• Happens in sexually reproduction organisms (like mammals)

• produces reproductive (sex) cells that carry half the genetic material of the parent

Multiple Choice

Which of these describes meiosis?

• produces body cells

• produces reproductive (sex) cells that carry half

  the genetic material of the parent

• produces genetically identical cells

• produces cells through an asexually reproductive process

Multiple Choice

The sperm and egg (gametes) each only carry 1/2 the number of chromosomes. Why?

• When the sperm fertilizes the egg, the chromosomes combine to create a full set

• chromosomes will be copied prior to cell division

• meiosis only requires one parent's genetic information

• gametes are tiny and can only hold half

DNA

• DNA is shaped like a double helix

• Has 4 Nitrogen bases

• Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T)

• Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G)

• Backbone: Sugar-Phosphates

Multiple Choice

What are the correct labels for the letters on the DNA diagram?

• 1-Adenine; 2-Guanine; 3-sugar and phosphates

• 1-Thymine; 2-Guanine; 3-sugar and phosphates

• 1-Adenine; 2-Cytosine; 3-sugar and phosphates

• 1-Thymine; 2-Cytosine; 3-sugar and phosphates

Inherited vs. Acquired Traits

• Inherited traits are traits you are born with

• Acquired traits are things you are taught or learn from experience

Multiple Choice

Which type of characteristics can be inherited?

• Those produced by diet

• Those produced by exercise

• Those caused by accidents

• Those controlled by genes

Multiple Choice

The offspring from asexually reproduced organisms are?

• Different than their parents

• Identical to parents

• Like a combination from both parents

• A different species

Multiple Choice

The offspring from sexually reproduced organisms are?

• Identical to all of their siblings

• Identical to one parent

• Similar (but not identical) to their parents

• A different species

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an inherited characteristic?

• Eye color

• Height

• Freckles

• Hair length

Multiple Choice

Parents pass blue eyes down to their children. The coded information for eye color is found in the

• mitochondrion of a cell

• DNA of a cell

• vacuole of a cell

• E.R. of a cell

Multiple Choice

Students made DNA models for their science projects. What were the shapes of them?

• triangle

• circle

• rectangle

• double helix