14.1 RNA and Transcription

14.1 RNA and Transcription

RNA vs DNA

• RNA single strand

• DNA double strand

• RNA Adenine bonds with Uracil

• DNA Adenine bonds with Thymine

• RNA able to leave nucleus

• DNA not able to leave nucleus

Types of RNA

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Role of mRNA

• Carries the DNA instructions out of the nucleus Messenger RNA

• mRNA molecule is a copy of the portion of DNA that will be used to make a needed protein.

• After being transcribed in the nucleus, mRNA travels to the ribosome for protein synthesis

tRNA

• Transfer RNA (anti-codon)

• mRNA connect to tRNA

• tRNA connects to Amino Acid

• Takes place in the ribosome

rRNA

• Ribosomal RNA

• Makes up the ribosome

• More structural than functional

Multiple Choice

There are three types of RNA

• False

• True

Multiple Choice

The sugar in the backbone of ribonucleic acid is

• deoxyribose

• ribose

• dextrose

• sucrose

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?

• RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
• RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
• RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
• RNA contains uracil in place of  cytosine

Multiple Choice

RNA has how many strands?

• one
• two

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between the sugars found in DNA and RNA?

• RNA contains glucose
• RNA contains sucrose
• RNA contains deoxyribose
• RNA contains Ribose

Multiple Choice

How does RNA differ from DNA?

• RNA contains uracil and deoxyribose
• RNA contains ribose and thymine
• RNA contains uracil and ribose
• RNA contains adenine and ribose

Multiple Choice

Which type of RNA is synthesized during transcription?

• messenger RNA (mRNA)

• transfer RNA (tRNA)

• ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

• small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

Multiple Choice

DNA is confined to the nucleus.

• True

• False

Multiple Select

Select which nitrogenous bases can be found in RNA. (Select all that apply)

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

• Guanine

Multiple Select

Select which nitrogenous bases can be found in RNA. (Select all that apply)

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

• Guanine

Transcription

• DNA to mRNA

• DNA unzips segment of the gene

• Genes code for proteins

• Complementary bases pairs

• A goes with U instead of T

• C still goes with G

• mRNA exits the nucleus with code

DNA to mRNA

• DNA - A C C A T C A G

• RNA - U G G U A G U C

• mRNA can leave the nucleus

• DNA must remain in nucleus

Multiple Choice

Which process is used to make mRNA from the DNA in the nucleus?

• transcription
• translation
• replication 

Multiple Choice

Which process is used to copy DNA in the nucleus?

• replication
• transcription
• translation

Multiple Choice

Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 

• AUGCUU
• ATGCTT
• GCATCC
• GCAUCC

Multiple Choice

Which RNA carries the message?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• tRNA

Multiple Choice

If one strand of DNA has the sequence TTACCG, the sequence of the other strand of the same molecule will be

• AATGGC
• TTACCG
• AACGGC
• AATGGG

Multiple Choice

The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called

• translation
• transcription
• transformation
• replication

Multiple Choice

How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?

• GCUAUA
• CGATAT
• CGAUAU
• GCUTUT

Multiple Choice

Where does transcription take place?

• nucleus

• cytoplasm

• ribosome

Multiple Choice

Where does transcription take place?

• nucleus

• cytoplasm

• ribosome

Exons and Introns

• Exon-Final cut of mRNA

• This Exits the nucleus

• Introns-Edited out of mRNA

• Final mRNA is exons only

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements regarding mRNA is correct?

• Exons are included in the protein sequence, while introns are left out

• Introns are included in the protein sequence, while exons are left out

• Exons and Introns can both be included or left out depending on the protein

• Exons and Introns are both part of the mRNA sequence, but only exons are part of the rRNA and tRNA

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements regarding mRNA is correct?

• Exons are included in the protein sequence, while introns are left out

• Introns are included in the protein sequence, while exons are left out

• Exons and Introns can both be included or left out depending on the protein

• Exons and Introns are both part of the mRNA sequence, but only exons are part of the rRNA and tRNA