Unit 23 Recap

Unit 23 Recap

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Open Ended

Can you write ANY information from this unit already?

(key words, examples, facts)

• P1 - Discuss the qualities of skilled performers

  P2 - Explain the characteristics of skills and abilities

  M1 - Assess how abilities contribute to the production of sports skills

  Part D1- Evaluate the effectiveness of information processing models in showing how sports performers produce skilled performance

Learning

“The acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught.”

•It is an active process

•Builds on prior knowledge

•Requires learner motivation and engagement

•It involves the whole personality - senses, feelings, intuition, beliefs, values and will. 

Open Ended

How is learning measured?

Performance

“The action or process of performing a task or function.”

It differs from learning in that it refers to the execution of the skill after learning

Open Ended

How might you measure performance?

Performance platue

‘A period during training or learning of a skill when there is no apparent improvement in performance

Open Ended

1) What might cause performance Plateau?

2) What are the 4 learning curves?

Skill: ‘an athlete's ability to choose and perform the right techniques at the right time, successfully, regularly and with a minimum of effort’.

Open Ended

What five things make a skilled performance?

1.Fluency

2.Control

3.Economy and efficiency of movement

4.Consistency of the outcome

Energy expenditure meets demands of task

Types of skill in sport?

Cognitive, Perceptual, Motor

Fill in the Blank

Require thought processes, sometimes refereed to as intellectual skills. Require the athlete to make sense of a problem and solve it e.g. decision of a rugby captain in the context of the game to kick a penalty or go to a scrum.

Fill in the Blank

This is where you interpret information/external stimuli quickly in order to make an appropriate decision e.g. GK assessing/reacting to run up of opposing player during penalty.

Fill in the Blank

This involves movement or muscle control

e.g. sprinting 100 metres inside the lane

Effect on the environment

An open skill is performed in an environment with changing factors e.g. passing to a team mate in football.

This skill is directly affected by changing factors such as the movement of the ball, the movement of your team mate, the surface of the pitch, wind and other weather, positions of opposing players etc.

A closed skill is one in which external factors do not change e.g. throwing a dart.

Precision of movement

Gross skills involve big movements such as the leg and arm movements found in running.

Fine skills involve precise, usually smaller movements such as the fine adjustments of the wrist when aiming a putt in golf.

Timing and Pacing

Self-paced skills are under the control of the performer. E.g. throwing a javelin.

Externally paced skills are dictated to by the surrounding environment.

E.g. timing a rugby tackle correctly to hit a moving opponent

Skill classification

Discreet skills have a definite beginning and a definite end e.g. a handstand.

Start balanced on feet, end balanced on hands.

Serial skills are discreet skills linked together e.g. a triple jump links a hop, a step and a jump.

Continuous skills cannot be easily broken down into discreet skills as

they must be performed continually e.g. pedalling a bike, running.

Fill in the Blank

What is an example of a discrete skill?

Ability

‘Ability is the make-up of an athlete that we inherit from our parents’.

Abilities underpin and contribute to skills. We need several abilities to perform skills correctly.

Abilities can be developed during early childhood if children are given:

•a wide range of experiences

•given the opportunity to practice

•receive expert teaching & coaching

•have access to facilities & equipment

•have the support of their friends & families who may also be suitable role models.

Open Ended

How could abilities be developed?

3 Categories of abilities

••Involve decision making and interpreting information the body receives from it’s senses

Differences between skills and abilties

• Natural Skill level - Being able to perform a skill quickly and consistently without previous attempting suggests natural ability.

• Nature vs Nurture - Nature = innate inherited qualities, Nurture = Influence of the environment..

• Stable vs Unstable - This is how performers think and behave when performing a skill. Stable = their ability to perform a skill, unstable = their attitude when performing a skill.

Open Ended

Explain how you believe the performance of a skill is dependent on the presence of abilities that underpin its performance.