Injury Evaluation - HOPS & SOAP

Secondary Procedures Procedures

• INJURY EVALUATION

žQuick assessment - less than 2 minutes

DETERMINE:

1. Seriousness of injury

2. How injured athlete will be transported from playing field

3. Type of first aid/immobilization

• Shoulder injuries - use the sling/swathe technique to immobilize.

• If suspect a cervical fracture, use jaw thrust

4. If injury warrants referral to physician

​Secondary Assessment: On-field

SECONDARY ASSESSMENT:
Off Field Injury Assessment - THOROUGH

History (mechanism, pain scale, sport specific, changes in training, symptoms)

Observation (deformity, swelling, postural, alignment)  **ALWAYS COMPARE BILATERALLY!

Palpation (bony & soft tissue)

Special Tests (fractures, ligaments, muscles, body alignment, ROM)
--> Active, Passive, Resistive ROM

Multiple Choice

Where does this information belong?

Patient is limping when they walk into the room.

• History

• Observation

• Palpation

• Special Tests

Multiple Choice

Where does this information belong?

Crepitus (crunching feeling when touched)

• History

• Observation

• Palpation

• Special Tests

Multiple Choice

Where does this information belong?

Patient is feeling numbness & tingling going down his arm.

• History

• Observation

• Palpation

• Special Tests

Multiple Choice

Where does this information belong?

Active ROM Measurement

• History

• Observation

• Palpation

• Special Tests

Multiple Choice

Where does this information belong?

Feeling localized heat

• History

• Observation

• Palpation

• Special Tests

Match

Match ROM's

• Active

• Passive

• Resistive

athlete moves joint

clinician moves athlete's joint

athlete pushes against a force

• athlete moves joint

• clinician moves athlete's joint

• athlete pushes against a force

Multiple Select

Which parts of HOPS would be documented in the "S" portion of a SOAP Note? Select ALL that apply.

• History

• Observation

• Palpation

• Special Tests

Multiple Choice

Medications the patient is prescribed for the injury would go under what category?

• S

• O

• A

• P

Multiple Select

Which parts of HOPS would be documented in the "O" portion of a SOAP Note? Select ALL that apply.

• History

• Observation

• Palpation

• Special Tests

**RICE =

R - rest

I – ice

C – compression

E – elevation (above the heart!)

​Treatment after Injury =

​SPLINTING

If a fracture is suspected, splint:

• ABOVE & BELOW the joint ... in the position it was found

  • CHECK distal pulses.

• Types:

  • rapid form vacuum immobilizer (angulated fx)

  • air

  • anatomical

  • soft

  • rigid

Multiple Choice

You should always splint joints ______ and _______ the injured site.

• On and under

• proximal and distal

• above and below

• interior and exterior

Multiple Choice

Checking _______ pulses (further away) once the splint is in place is done to make sure there is still adequate blood flow.

• Proximal

• Distal

• Superior

• Inferior

​TRANSPORTING AN INJURED ATHLETE

1. ​Spine board (spinal injury) – MD instruction

2. Stretcher (short distances)

3. Ambulatory aid (support bilaterally for short distance)

4. Manual conveyance (long distance – 2 person carry)

5. Crutches (lower limb injury)

Multiple Choice

Which would be used to transport an athlete with a suspected spinal injury?

• spine board

• stretcher

• ambulatory aid

• crutches

Multiple Choice

Which is used to assist an athlete who is able to walk short distances?

• spine board

• stretcher

• ambulatory aid

• crutches

Multiple Choice

Which is used to transport an athlete long distances who cannot walk?

• manual conveyance

• stretcher

• ambulatory aid

• crutches

When walking, crutches should go no more than 12-15 inches in front of the foot.

​CRUTCH-FITTING PROCEDURES

ž6 inches from outside of shoe & 2 inches in frontof foot

žUnderarm 1 inch below anterior fold of axilla (armpit)

žHand brace even with athlete’s hand, elbow at a 30°angle (at the greater trochanter of femur)

Multiple Choice

What angle should the elbow be in when measuring and using the crutches?

• 15 degrees

• 30 degrees

• 45 degrees

Multiple Choice

When walking with crutches, how far should crutches go out when attempting a step?

• 10-12 inches

• 12-15 inches

• 13-16 inches

• less then 12 inches

Multiple Choice

Tips of crutches should be located where (when deciding the length of crutches)?

• 6" out, 2" up from foot

• 2" out, 6" up from foot

• 30 degrees from foot

• Shoulder width apart