Neuron Anatomy and Physiology Review

Neuron Anatomy and Physiology Review

Dr. Melvin, PLTW HBS

Multiple Choice

What is the "role" of myelin?

• Insulation which allows quick electrical impulse transmission

• Expose the neuron to the external environment

• Chemical substances which transmit messages

• Gap between two nerve cells

Multiple Select

What are the TWO main ions of the interior and exterior cell membrane?

• Sodium

• Iron

• Potassium

• Oxygen

What happens with these ions?

• Each neuron has a charged membrane

• Charge will change based on neurotransmitter molecules and other stimuli

• Membrane potential: difference in total charge between inside and outside of cell

• At rest, a neuron is negatively charged.

Depolarization

• Sodium (Na+) channels open, allowing Na+ into the cell.

• Charge across the membrane decreases

• Inside of cell becomes positive

• This continues as the signal goes down the axon

Observe!

Explain what is happening!