STAAR Review Day 5: 7C & 8A

STAAR Review Day: 7C Mutations & 8A Meiosis

Multiple Select

Select all the statements that apply to mutations:

• Mutations are a source of genetic variation

• ALL mutations are passed down to the offspring

• Mutations are random

• Mutations are changes in DNA sequences

• Mutations are always bad

Open Ended

6E Exposure to the building material asbestos (lung cancer) has been linked to certain types of cancers. Asbestos causes mutations in the p53 gene, which controls tumor suppression.

Would the people with cancer due to asbestos exposure pass the mutation to their offspring? EXPLAIN why or why not

Open Ended

6E Sickle-shaped red blood cells result from a mutation in the gene that codes for hemoglobin. This mutation results in sickle-cell anemia. A partial sequence of bases from a normal hemoglobin gene and a sequence that results in sickle-cell anemia are shown.

What type of mutation is depicted in this sequence (Substitutions, deletion, or insertion) ? is it point or frameshift? HOW DO YOU KNOW!!!

Multiple Choice

A base sequence of the DNA from a gene is shown.

ATC GGC TA

Due to a mutation, the base sequence was changed as shown.

ATT GGC TA

Which type of mutation has occurred in the gene?

• Deletion

• Substitution

• Insertion

• Translocation

Multiple Choice

6E: A certain mutation in the gene for hemoglobin results in the red blood cells becoming sticky, rigid, and irregularly shaped. These irregularly shaped red blood cells block the flow of blood throughout the body. A single base mutation is responsible for these irregularly shaped blood cells. Which of these mutations most likely results in the mutated hemoglobin?

• Insertion

• Deletion

• Duplication

• Substitution

Multiple Choice

Three processes that are required for sexual reproduction to occur are shown.

Which table most accurately describes the importance of each process to sexual

reproduction?

Multiple Choice

6G Sexual reproduction in animals depends on the production of gametes. Which of these processes produces gametes in animals?

• Mitosis

• Fertilization

• Meiosis

• Binary fission

Multiple Choice

6G: During meiosis, homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. This exchange of genetic material:

• increases the genetic variation

• reduces the diploid number to the haploid number

• increases the haploid number to the diploid number

• reduces the probability of mutations

Multiple Choice

A tetrad of homologous chromosomes is shown.

Which new gene combinations could result from crossing over?

• RrTT and rrTt

• rrtt and rrtt

• RRTT and RRTt

• RrTt and RrTt

Multiple Choice

6G Human body cells each have 46 chromosomes in their nuclei. Meiosis is necessary in order to ensure that each gamete produced in the human body has —

• 12 chromosomes

• 23 chromosomes

• 46 chromosomes

• 92 chromosomes