Islam and Its Neibors; Iran, Turkey, Cyprus Study Guide

Sections 6.7-6.12: Islam and Its Neibors; Iran, Turkey, Cyprus

Section One

Pearson Quizes

Multiple Choice

Which area in this region is most likely to be home to a productive farm?

• Jordan's Red Sea coast

• southern Israel

• Israel's Mediterranean coast

• eastern Syria

Multiple Choice

How does the rain shadow effect affect where people live in this region?

• Most people do not live on the dry side of this region because there is not enough water.

• Most people live on the wet side of this region because it is warmer.

• Most people do not live on the wet side of this region because it is too cold.

• Most people live on the dry side of this region because it does not flood.

Multiple Choice

Lebanon's population is...

• diverse, with several large religious groups

• divided evenly between Kurds and Arabs

• mostly Shia, with a large Christian minority

• almost entirely Sunni Muslim

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the most likely cause of scarcity of fresh water resources among Israel and its neighbors?

• elevation

• political borders

• ethnic differences

• climate patterns

Multiple Choice

Ethnic and religious population patterns in the region relate most closely to...

• climate conditions.

• availability of land.

• access to water.

• political boundaries.

Multiple Choice

The Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur...

• The Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur

• commemorates the founding of Israel.

• is dedicated to reflection and atonement.

• remembers the freeing of the Israelites from Egypt.

Multiple Choice

What significant contribution did the Phoenicians make to civilization?

• the Ten Commandments

• monotheism

• the alphabet

• the city of Jericho

Multiple Choice

What does the holiday of Christmas mark for Christians?

• the founding of the Roman Catholic church

• the conversion of Constantine to Christianity

• the birth of Jesus

• the resurrection of Jesus

Multiple Choice

Why are the Dome of the Rock, the Western Wall, and the Church of the Holy Sepulcher important?

• They were the birthplace of three different religious traditions.

• They are sacred sites to three different religions located in the same city.

• They mark the sites of ancient capitals in the region.

• They serve as centers of political and economic activity today.

Multiple Choice

What was the result of the 1967 Arab-Israeli war?

• Israel gained control of new territories.

• Egypt became stronger after winning the war.

• Zionism spread in Europe.

• Israel lost control of the Golan Heights.

Multiple Choice

How has Syria's civil war affected Jordan and Lebanon?

• Lebanon and Jordan benefit from Syria's better schools and universities.

• Lebanon's oil exports have increased as Syria's have decreased.

• Syria now trades more with Jordan and Lebanon.

• Syrian refugees have come to Jordan and Lebanon

Multiple Choice

Issues concerning which of these areas poses the greatest obstacle to Israeli-Palestinian peace?

• West Bank and Gaza

• Golan Heights and the Jordan River

• Syria and Jordan

• Jordan and Lebanon

Multiple Choice

In what main way does the government of Jordan differ from other governments in the region?

• It is more democratic.

• It is ruled by a dictator.

• It is less stable.

• It is a monarchy.

Multiple Choice

How has Israel's security barrier on the West Bank affected Israelis and Palestinians?

• It reduced rocket attacks against Israel and led to economic growth for Palestinians.

• It led Israel to make peace with Hezbollah and separated some Palestinian villages from one another.

• It reduced terrorist attacks against Israelis and blocked some Palestinians from accessing their farmland.

• It led Israel to sign the Oslo Accords and brought Hamas to power in Gaza.

Multiple Choice

What happened in Gaza in 2006 that changed Israeli-Palestinian relations?

• Gaza became an independent country.

• Gazans launched the First Intifiada against Israeli control.

• Hamas took control of Gaza from the Palestinian Authority.

• Israel took control of Gaza from Egypt.

Multiple Choice

How does the climate of Cyprus affect economic development?

• Cyprus has an arid climate. Much of the country’s wealth comes from sales of petroleum.

• Cyprus’s mountains create a rain shadow that blocks moisture to one side of the island.

• Cyprus has a Mediterranean climate. Farmers depend on autumn and winter rains for their crops.

• yprus has a semiarid climate. Summer heat and dry winds called the shamal make farming difficult.

Multiple Choice

How has the Turkish government responded to frequent earthquakes in the region?

• It has passed laws requiring builders to construct buildings that can withstand earthquakes.

• It has not responded very strongly, as the earthquakes are mostly minor and do little damage.

• It has encouraged people to move to cities, which are safer during earthquakes.

• It has helped arrange transportation for the huge numbers of people leaving the region.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following summarizes the religious diversity of Iran and Turkey?

• Iran is majority Shia Muslim, while Turkey is majority Sunni Muslim. Both have other minority religious groups.

• Iran is a secular nation, while Turkey is majority Shia Muslim. Religion is not a large part of either country’s culture.

• Iran is majority Shia Muslim, while Turkey is majority Christian. Both have histories of religious oppression.

• Iran and Turkey are both majority Sunni Muslim, and neither has a large population of Shia Muslims.

Multiple Choice

Iran has many varied physical regions. Where do most of its people live?

• in the lush rainforest along the southern coast

• in the hot, dry central interior

• in the cool high mountain ranges

• in the rainier western and northern parts of the country

Multiple Choice

What advantage does the qanat system have over irrigation channels on the surface?

• The qanats’ rocky walls add much-needed minerals that increase the productivity of the soil.

• Water from an underground qanat is protected from contamination by pesticides.

• Water does not evaporate, even in a hot climate, because the qanat is mostly underground.

• Qanats can deliver the water faster because they are angled downhill from the mountains.

Multiple Choice

How did the rulers of the Persian empire encourage trade?

• They built roads and established a system of standard weights and measures.

• They eliminated all tariffs between regions within the empire.

• They encouraged industrial growth in the empire.

• They required all subjects to speak Persian and convert to Zoroastrianism.

Multiple Choice

What effect did Alexander the Great’s conquest have on the region?

• Alexander brought Greek culture to the region.

• Most people within the region became Zoroastrians.

• It had very little effect, as Alexander adopted the conquered countries’ customs.

• It caused the region to unite into a single empire for many centuries.

Multiple Choice

How did the Ottoman empire govern its religious minorities?

• It organized non-Muslims into millets with their own laws and leaders.

• It required non-Muslims to use Islamic courts.

• It treated all people in the empire equally, and governed them with the same laws.

• It forced all non-Muslims to convert to Islam.

Multiple Choice

How were the governments formed in Turkey and Iran after the fall of older empires in the early 1900s similar?

• They both returned to traditional Islamic values.

• They both tried to modernize and westernize their countries.

• They both became hereditary monarchies.

• They both became republics with elected governments.

Multiple Choice

What was the main area of disagreement between Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini?

• The shah wanted to make Iran more westernized. The ayatollah wanted Iran to follow Islamic law.

• The shah sold the rights to exploit natural resources to Britain and Russia. The ayatollah opposed this.

• The shah wanted Iran to join the European Union. The ayatollah wanted Iran to stay out.

• The shah supported the protesters in 1978. The ayatollah tried to discourage the protests.

Multiple Choice

What is the role of religion in Iran’s government?

• Iran’s government is elected in free and fair elections, and religious leaders rarely win.

• Iran’s government is led by a secular president who has more power than the religious Supreme Leader.

• Iran’s government is led by religious leaders, and laws must not violate Islamic teachings.

• Iran’s government is led by a religious Supreme Leader who has more power than the secular Guardian Council.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following issues has divided the United States and Iran in recent years?

• the United States’ refusal to free hostages from the Iranian Embassy

• Iran’s competition for trade to the United States

• the United States’ refusal to negotiate with Iran

• Iran’s nuclear program, which the U.S. suspects is military, not civilian

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a right of Iranian citizens?

• to vote for the president

• to speak freely about all issues

• to criticize the government in a newspaper

• to vote for the Supreme Leader

Multiple Choice

How did economic reforms in Turkey in the 1980s improve the economy?

• Turkey invested in government projects, putting money into the economy.

• Turkey lowered barriers to trade and business, allowing the private sector to improve the economy.

• Turkey joined the European Union, expanding trade markets and bringing businesses in from Europe.

• Turkey expanded oil production, bringing more money into the industrial sector.

Multiple Choice

How do events in Cyprus in 1974 continue to affect life on the island today?

• Cyprus's tourist industry began in 1974 and is an still part of the economy today.

• Cyprus gained its independence from Great Britain in 1974 and remains a united, independent island.

• There are few Turkish Cypriots living on the island today, since ethnic violence in 1974.

• Cyprus remains divided since Turkey invaded the northern third of the island in 1974.

Mr. Frost's Study Guide

From the vocab to the essay questions

What is AKP:

•  A political party that embraces Islam more closely has grown popular

• he initials in Turkish for the Justice and Development Party

• n 2003, an AKP member named Recep Tayyip Erdogan became prime minister

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a Bosporus?

• a strait that cuts through the country of Turkey, connecting the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea

• a pennisula boarding the Sunni Penninsula, stretching into the Medditeranean Sea; found in Islam

• A religious book muslims read every month, instrucing them on how to pray, and what to do during that month

• None of the answers to the left

Multiple Choice

What is Confessionalism?

• The act in which Muslims confess their faith in front of a large audience, usually other Muslims

• A system of currensy in Cyprus that is founded on small coins, each worth approximatley 5 U.S. dollars

• A system of government were a country's constitution requires that its leaders belong to specific religious groups

Facts about the Ottoman Empire:

• The Turks established Kingdoms in this region. By the 1400’s, the Turkish Kingdom of the Ottoman family became the most powerful

• The Ottomans claimed to be caliphs, or religious leaders of all muslims. They captured Constantinople, and ended the Byzantine empire in 1453. The Ottomans then made Constantinople their capital. They built an empire that spread to three different continents. Iran was not part of the Ottoman Empire, but Turkey and Cyprus were. Cyprus remained part of the Ottoman Empire for over more than three centuries, until it came under British rule in 1878.

Multiple Choice

What is the Oslo Accords?

• An agreement between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1993 that created the Palestinian National Authority to rule part of the West Bank and Gaza

• A system of government in which the government is elected by a parliment, and the government only has the ability to change a constitution, and make sure the President is following the constitution

• An agreement over the land in which Turkey is today

Multiple Choice

What is the Palestine Liberation Organization?

• A organization also known as PLO, which, in 1993 signed an agreement with Israel, which represented Palensitinians. This agreement was known as the Oslo Accords

• An organization that supports all Palestiniens, and defends their rights so that everyone is equal

• What the peoiple of Palestine call their government; their government is not founded on a constitution,a nd instead is more similar to an absolute monarchy, in which a king is ruling today, and has been ruling for the last 150 years

Multiple Choice

What is rain shadow?

• A land formation formed millions of years ago by rain dropping pieces of sediment, eventually leaving a hill like feature that is usually always covered by a shadow

• a shadow cast from a cloud filled with water, which will fall as rain

• A believer in the fact that rain will one day fall forever, until everything is destroyed

• dry area that forms behind a highland that captures rainfall and snow

Facts About the Safavid Empire:

• In the 1500’s, the Safavid Empire arose in Iran. 

• It fought several large wars with the Ottomans

• The Safavid ruler was called a shah, the Persian word for king

• The Safavids made Shia Islam the official religion of Iran, which set Iran appart from its Sunni neibors

• Iranian art and architecture reached new hights under Safavid rule

• The Safavids built a magnificent capitol in Esfahan, famous for its mosques and beautiful flower gardens

What is the Talmud?

• The scriptures, or religious writings, of Judaism include the Hebrew bible, known as the Tanakh, and the talmud

• The Talmud is not part of the Tanakh

• The Talmud is a record of Jewish law, legal decisions, and traditional stories

• With the Tanakh, it forms the foundation of Jewish practice, ethnics, law, and philosophy

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Open Ended

List the empires that have controlled Iran and the major contributions of each.

What is Iran’s most important natural resource? Why? 

• Oil and Natural gas are Iran's most important natural resources

• Do not confuse Iran with Islam, since Islam does not have any oil, but still makes money from their pipes carring oil, while Iran does have a lot of oil

Open Ended

Why was Mustafa Kemal Ataturk important to Turkey?

What are the two most important holidays to Christians?  Why?  

• Christmas and Easter

• Christmas: The 25th of December is the time when Western Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus who Christians believe to be both the Messiah (or in Greek: the Christ) and son of God (that is, divine).

• Easter: Easter Day or Easter Sunday commemorates the resurrection of Jesus as the Christ (God's Anointed) after his death the Friday before (see Good Friday). His disciples began to experience Christ to be with them in a new way. Easter eggs are given which symbolise the new life which Christians experience and see at the heart of God's world.

"Reading and Note Taking Study Guide Book" Questions

This book can be found on Pearson, email me if you have questions, and I have included all of the questions found there for this unit under this section. Some of them migth not be as important as others, so feel free to skip a few.

Open Ended

The Geography of Israel and Its Neigbors: Describe the four geographic zones, and indicate the climate of each.

Open Ended

The Geography of Israel and Its Neigbors: Summarize the ethnic and religious diversity of this region

Open Ended

History of Israel and Its Neighbors: What three religions shaped this region’s history? What similarities are there among these three religions?

Open Ended

History of Israel and Its Neighbors: What was the goal of Zionism? How did it affect the history of this region?

Open Ended

Israel and Its Neighbors Today: Describe the types of governments of Israel, Lebanon, Jordan, and Syria

Open Ended

Israel and Its Neighbors Today: What factors cause countries in this region to have very different standards of living?

Open Ended

Geography of Iran, Turkey, and Cyprus: What physical features define these countries?

Open Ended

Geography of Iran, Turkey, and Cyprus: What political issues have arisen from the ethnic diversity of these countries?

Open Ended

History of Iran, Turkey, and Cyprus: What empires ruled these countries?

Open Ended

History of Iran, Turkey, and Cyprus: How did empires of the past affect religion in this region?

Open Ended

Iran, Turkey, and Cyprus Today: How are Iran’s and Turkey’s governments different?

Open Ended

Iran, Turkey, and Cyprus Today: How have Iran’s government policies affected its economy?

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