Unit 2 Section 1 Vocabulary

Unit 2 Section 1 Vocabulary

Absolutism, Growing Democracy in England, The Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment

Lesson 1: Absolutism

Ideal

existing as a perfect example

Absolute Monarchy

a ruler with unlimited authority, having no checks on his or her power by law or constitution

Armada

a large fleet of warships

Boyar

a powerful Russian noble and landowner

Divine Right

the believe that God had created a monarchy and had chosen the king r queen to act as his representative on earth

Multiple Choice

In a __, a king or queen holds unlimited power.

• ideal

• absolute monarchy

• armada

• boyar

• divine right

Multiple Choice

Phillip II of Spain attempted to invade England using an ___, or fleet of war ships

• ideal

• absolute monarchy

• armada

• boyar

• divine right

Multiple Choice

Louis XIV of France believed in the ___ of rulers, meaning that monarchs were chosen by God.

• ideal

• absolute monarchy

• armada

• boyar

• divine right

Multiple Choice

Peter the Great reduced the power of the Russian nobles, or ___.

• ideal

• absolute monarchy

• armada

• boyars

• divine right

Lesson 2: Growing Democracy in England

Representative Government

a type of government in which elected officials represent the people

Consent

approval or permission for something to occur

Habeas Corpus

the requirement that someone accused of a crime be brought before a judge before being jailed

Parliament

the two-house legislative body in Britain that is made up of the House of Lords and the House of Commons

Multiple Choice

___ is the legislative branch of the British Government and is made up of the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

• Representative Government

• Consent

• Habeas corpus

• Parliament

Multiple Choice

The Magna Carta upheld the idea of ___, meaning a person cannot be imprisoned without legal cause.

• Representative Government

• Consent

• Habeas corpus

• Parliament

Multiple Choice

The Magna Carta stated that the could not increase taxes with out the ___, or approval, of the great council.

• Representative Government

• Consent

• Habeas corpus

• Parliament

Multiple Choice

A __ is a type of government in which elected officials represent the people.

• Representative Government

• Consent

• Habeas corpus

• Parliament

Lesson 3: The Scientific Revolution

Hypothesis

an idea that is meant to be tested

Heresy

belief in science in an idea that is contrary to church teaching

Geocentric theory

the theory that the Earth was at the center of the universe

Heliocentric Theory

the theory that the sun was at the center of the universe

Scientific method

an approach to scientific questions that involves forming a hypothese, testing it through experiment, and analyzing data to reach conclusions

Scientific Revolution

change in how people thought about and explored the natural world that came out of the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Enlightenment in the fifteenth through seventeenth centuries

Multiple Choice

Aristole and Ptolemy stated that the Earth was the center of the universe, which is called the __ theory

• Geocentric

• heliocentric

• heresy

Multiple Choice

Copernicus pioneered the __ theory, in which he states that the sun is the center of the universe.

• Geocentric

• heliocentric

• heresy

Multiple Choice

Galileo was accused of ___ because his support of Copernicus's ideas went against church teachings.

• Geocentric

• heliocentric

• heresy

Multiple Choice

Francis Bacon pioneered the __ which is a procedure for conducting experiments and answering questions.

• hypothesis

• scientific method

• scientific revolution

Multiple Choice

The first step of the scientific method is to form a ___, or an idea that is meant to be tested.

• hypothesis

• scientific method

• scientific revolution

Multiple Choice

The __ occurred from the 15th-17th centuries and changed how people explored and understood the world.

• hypothesis

• scientific method

• scientific revolution

Lesson 4: Then Enlightenment

Enlightenment

an intellectual movement in which philosophers changed society's values to include the value of the individual

Natural Right

Philosopher John Locke's belief in each person's right to life, liberty, and property

Philosophe

French Enlightenment thinkers

Salon

a gathering of influential people for the discussion of ideas

Social contract

an agreement to give up some personal freedoms in exchange for protection from a government or ruler.

Multiple Choice

The ___ was an intellectual movement that valued the individual.

• Enlightenment

• Natural Rights

• Philosophe

• Salon

• Social contract

Multiple Choice

___ were french enlightenment thinkers.

• Enlightenment

• Natural Rights

• Philosophe

• Salon

• Social contract

Multiple Choice

Hobbes aruged that citizens form a __ with the government, where they give up some freedoms in exchange for protection.

• Enlightenment

• Natural Rights

• Philosophe

• Salon

• Social contract

Multiple Choice

John Locke believed that every person has __. These were life, liberty, and property.

• Enlightenment

• Natural Rights

• Philosophe

• Salon

• Social contract

Multiple Choice

During the Enlightenment, French intellectuals met in __ to discuss their ideas.

• Enlightenment

• Natural Rights

• Philosophe

• Salons

• Social contract