Chemical Reactions - Types of Reactions

Chemical Reactions - Types of Reactions

by S Harris

​Learning Target

​I know:

​

​how to define the types of chemical reactions

Success Criteria

​I can:

​

determine the type of reaction when given a chemical equation

Recap Questions​

The next 2 questions are from the previous lesson. Use what you know to answer them.​

Multiple Choice

Which of these is not an example of a chemical reaction? (hint: think about the indicators of a chemical reaction)

• Calcium Chloride and ammonia mixed together to produce heat

• Vinegar and hydrogen peroxide mixing together to produce bubbles

• Dissolving a grape kool-aid packet in water to produce a purple solution

• fireworks producing red colors and loud sounds on January 1st

Multiple Choice

What does the ARROW in a chemical equation mean?

• to yield (produce)

• to decompose

• to decrease

• to mix

​There are 5 Types of Chemical Reactions

1. ​Synthesis

2. ​Decomposition

3. ​Single-Displacement (replacement)

4. ​Double-Displacement (replacement)

5. ​Combustion

​What is a Synthesis reaction?

• Synthesis reactions, also known as a composition reactions, happen when two or more substances combine to form a new compound.

  • General equation:

A + B → AB

• A and B can be elements or compounds.

• AB is a compound.

• What is happening?

  • Two or more reactants are yielding one product (2 or more substances COMBINING to form a compound)

​How many products are formed in the synthesis reaction?

Answer: one (1) product is formed

​

​here we have 2 substances (carbon and oxygen) reacting to form a single product of carbon dioxide

Multiple Choice

What is the product of the synthesis reaction shown in the picture? 

P + Br₂ --> PBr₃

• Phosphorus (P)

• Bromine (Br)

• Phosphorus tribromide (PBr₃)

• Boron (B)

Multiple Choice

True or False:

Synthesis reactions are where 2 or more substances combine to form a single product.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT an example of a synthesis reaction?

​

Fred (F) + Wilma (W) ---> FW

​There are 5 Types of Chemical Reactions

1. ​Synthesis

2. ​Decomposition

3. ​Single-Displacement (replacement)

4. ​Double-Displacement (replacement)

5. ​Combustion

​What is a decomposition reaction?

• ​Decomposition reactions happen when a single compound breaks down into two (2) or more simpler substances.

• ​General equation:

AB → A + B

• there will be only one (1) reactant present

• What is happening?

  • a single reactant is breaking down or separating into 2 or more simpler substances

​​How many reactants are present in a decomposition reaction reaction?

Answer: one (1) reactant is present

​

​Here we have CaCO₃ decomposing into two products. The products are CaO and CO₂.

Multiple Choice

TURE or FALSE:

Decomposition reactions happen when reactants COMBINE to form a single product.

• TRUE

• FALSE

https://youtu.be/TX6BYceUSL0

​

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?

​

FW ---> Fred (F) + Wilma (W)

​There are 5 Types of Chemical Reactions

1. ​Synthesis

2. ​Decomposition

3. ​Single-Displacement (replacement)

4. ​Double-Displacement (replacement)

5. ​Combustion

​What is a single-displacement reaction?

• Single displacements reactions involve an element and a compound as reactants.

• ​General equation:

A + BC → AC + B

​

• What is happening?

  • ​1 of two things:

    • the metal replaces the metal (+; cations)

      nonmetal replaces nonmetal (-; anions)

​What is happening in this single-displacement reaction?

​Answer: the iron (Fe), a cation, is replacing the copper (Cu), a cation.

• This is an example of a metal replacing another metal.

Multiple Choice

How many COMPOUNDS are on the reactant side of a single-displacement chemical equation?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3

REMEMBER: in single-displacement reactions there is 1 element and 1 compound present on the reactant side of the equation​.

​

--->

​

single element

​

--->

​

a compound (2 or more elements combined)

​

FW + Betty (B) ---> FB + W

​There are 5 Types of Chemical Reactions

1. ​Synthesis

2. ​Decomposition

3. ​Single-Displacement (replacement)

4. ​Double-Displacement (replacement)

5. ​Combustion

​What is a double-displacement reaction?

• Double-displacement reactions involve 2 compounds as reactants. The ​ions in the two compounds will “change” partners.

• ​General equation:

AB + CD → AD + CB

​

• What is happening?

  • cation(+) of one compound combines with anion(-) of the other

  • ​the oxidation numbers will remain the same

​​What is happening in this double-displacement reaction?

​​Answer: Silver (Ag) and Potassium (K) are "replacing" each other in the reaction.

• ​the cations (metals) of the compounds are replacing one another

https://youtu.be/TX6BYceUSL0

​

Multiple Choice

How many COMPOUNDS are on the reactant side of a double-displacement chemical equation?

• 0

• 1

• 2

• 3

REMEMBER: in double-displacement reactions there are only compounds present on the reactant side of the equation​. No single elements.

​

--->

​

a compound (2 or more elements combined)

​

--->

​

a compound (2 or more elements combined)

​

FW + BR---> FB + RW

​R = Barney Rubble

​B = Betty Rubble

​W = Wilma Flintstone

​F = Fred Flintstone

​There are 5 Types of Chemical Reactions

1. ​Synthesis

2. ​Decomposition

3. ​Single-Displacement (replacement)

4. ​Double-Displacement (replacement)

5. ​Combustion

​What is a combustion reaction?

• ​Combustion reactions are extremely fast reactions that use oxygen (O2) as a reactant to produce an oxide.

  • ​Example: Carbon Dioxide

    • General equation:

    AB +O₂ → A + BO₂

    • What is happening?

      • energy (in the form of heat and light) is produced

        The products usually include water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2).