Unit IV Chapter Review

Unit IV Chapter Review

Sensation and Perception

Multiple Choice

What is the purpose of the iris?

• to focus light on the retina

• to process color

• to allow light into the eye

• to enable night vision

• to detect specific shapes

Multiple Choice

___________ are neurons that fire in response to specific edges, lines, angles & movements are called what?

• Rods

• Genes

• Ganglion Cells

• Feature detectors

• Bipolar Cells

Multiple Choice

Signal detection theory is most closely associated with which perception process?

• Vision

• Sensory adaptation

• Absolute thresholds

• Smell

• Context effects

Multiple Choice

Which of the following represents perceptual constancy?

• We recognize the taste of McDonald's food each time we eat it.

• In photos of people, the people almost always are perceived as figure and everything else as ground.

• We know that the color of a printed page has not changed as it moves from sunlight into shadow.

• From the time they are very young, most people can recognize the smell of a dentist's office.

• The cold water in a lake doesn't seem so cold after you have been swimming in it for a few minutes.

Multiple Choice

Our tendency to see faces in clouds and other ambiguous stimuli is partly based on what perception principle?

• Selective attention

• ESP

• Perceptual Set

• Shape constancy

• Bottom-up Processing

Multiple Choice

The process by which rods and cones change electromagnetic energy into neural messages is called what?

• adaptation

• accomodation

• parallel processing

• transduction

• perceptual setting

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is most likely to influence our memory of a painful event?

• The overall length of the event

• The intensity of pain at the end of the event

• The reason for the pain

• The amount of rest you've had in the 24 hours preceding the event

• The specific part of the body that experiences the pain

Multiple Choice

Frequency theory relates to which element of the hearing process?

• Rate at which the basilar membrane vibrates

• Number of fibers in the auditory nerve

• point at which the basilar membrane exhibits the most vibration

• decibel level of a sound

• number of hair cells in each cochlea

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best represents an absolute threshold?

• A guitar player knows that his D string has just gone out of time.

• A photographer cane tell that the natural light available for a photograph has just faded slightly.

• Your friend amazes you by correctly identifying unlabeled glasses of Coke and Pepsi.

• A cook can just barely taste the salt she has added to her soup.

• Your mom throws out the milk because she says the taste is "off."

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes a perception process that the Gesalt psychologists would have been interested in?

• Depth perception and how it allows us to survive in the world

• How we notice the various flavor elements in a dish

• How an organized whole is formed out of its component pieces

• What the smallest units of perception are

• The similarities between shape constancy and size constancy

Multiple Choice

Which perception process are the hammer, anvil, and stirrup involved in?

• Detecting intense colors

• Processing information related to our sense of balance

• Transmitting light energy to ganglion cells

• Transmitting sound waves to the cochlea

• Smelling the foul odors of a locker room

Multiple Choice

Which of the following might result from a disruption of your vestibular sense?

• Instability to detect the position of your arm without looking at it

• Loss of the ability to detect a bitter taste

• Dizziness and loss of balance

• An inability to detect pain

• Loss of color vision

Multiple Choice

When we go to the movies, we see smooth continuous motion rather than a series of still images because of which process?

• the phi phenomenon

• perceptual set

• stroboscopic movement

• relative motion

• the illusory effect

Multiple Choice

Two monocular depth cues are most responsible for our ability to know that a jet flying overhead is at an elevation of several miles. One cue is relative size. What is the other?

• Relative motion

• Retinal disparity

• Interposition

• Light and shadow

• Linear Perspective

Multiple Choice

Which of the following phrases accurately describes top-down processing?

• The entry-level data captured by our various sensory systems

• The effect that our experiences and expectations have on perception

• Our tendency to scan a visual field from top to bottom

• Our ability to detect letters of a word before we know what the word is

• The fact that information in processed by the higher regions of the brain before it reaches the lower brain